短文改错错误类型和改题方法.docVIP

短文改错的错误类型及解题方法 江苏省薛窑中学 李向阳（226541） 短文改错是高中阶段各类考试的重要题型。该题型内容广泛，既考语言基础知识，又考语言的综合运用能力；该题型的错误面广，有基础的大小写、单词拼写、词语搭配；也有较高级的词语转化和上下文的行文逻辑关系。这类题要求学生要有牢固扎实的英语基础，还要具备活学活用语言知识的能力。 短文改错中的词法错误类型是指词的多用、少用或错用。如： 1）In fact, they are planning to visit China in next year.(NMET96) 句中的in应当去掉 2) We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese, English and physics. (NMET97) 句中的subject应当改为subjects 3) I told Mother, Father, Sister, all my friends here what a great time I had.(NMET95) 句中的Sister和all之间加上and 4) I was used to watch it every night. (NMET99) 句中的was used to应当改为used to 短文改错中的句法错误类型是指动词时态错误、动词语态错误、从句引导词错误、非谓语动词错误以及词义重复错误。如： Hello, I learn about you from my teacher, Miss Fang. (NMET97) 句中的learn应当改为learned I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China.(NMET97) 句中的where应当改为which, which为定语从句的主语 3）I look forward to hear from you soon. (NMET97) 句中的hear应当改为hearing, look forward to中的to为介词 4）This dictionary is cheap enough for me to buy it. 句中的it应当去掉,buy的宾语为句子主语This dictionary 短文改错中的行文逻辑错误类型是指主谓一致的错用和上下文语意逻辑错误。如： The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. (NMET94) 句中的his应当改为their, The Smiths指Smith一家人 Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit. (NMET98) 句中的play应当改为playing; give应当改为gives,主谓一致的原则，give须用第三人称的单数形式 3）Like most July days, it was cold. 句中的cold应当改为hot, 七月天气自然不冷 短文改错不同于单句改错，更不同于单项选择。短文改错要求学生从语法、语意、语境、行文逻辑多方面考虑。首先，在做题之前，要对整篇短文有个全面了解，先浏览一至两遍，不能逐句判断，逐句改正。 其次，特别要注意个别句子单独表达时合理，但在上下文中并不合理。在通晓全文的内容和结构的基础上作出正确判断。做完全文之后，要通读一遍， 练习一： （一） Before he was a teacher, Bob told me what he 1)_______ would like to be a lawyer when he was at school. 2)_______ He had worked very hard at his lessons and tried 3)_______ enter into a famous university, but something unhappy 4)_______ happened in his family, that made it necessary for him 5)______ to working for a living. As a young man, he had been a 6)______ bus-driver, a dustman and a salesman. But he spends