花卉无土栽培技术的研究_.pdfVIP

湖南环境生物职业技术学院学报 2002,8(4):247~250 Journal of Hunan Environment-Biological Polytechnic 花卉无土栽培技术的研究( Ⅰ) 邱运亮 (湖南环境生物职业技术学院, 湖南 衡阳 421005) 摘 要:花卉无土栽培是在土壤栽培的基础上发展起来的现代农业高新技术,本文作者经多年来的无土栽 培试验,根据当地条件, 改良了霍格兰和阿农(Hogagland＆Arnon)配方, 改良配方效果显示:无土栽培的花卉 其叶色浓艳, 叶绿素含量较有土栽培一般高 10~20 %；黄枯叶较土壤栽培少60~80 %左右,耗水量、病虫害 较土壤栽培分别少 40~60 %、75~100 ﹪,且无杂草,可观期延长. 关键词:花卉;无土栽培 中图分类号: R282.7 文献标识码: B 文章编号: 1671–6361(2002) 04-0247 – 04 On Technical Study of Soilless Culture of Flowers and Trees (I) QIU Yun-liang (HuNan Environment-biological Polytechnic,HengYang 421005 Hunan) Abstract: Soilless culture of flowers and tress, which used soiless culture as a base, is a high-newly technique of modern agriculture. The writer, who has performed the experiment on soilless culture for recent years, improved the Hogagland Arnon’s prescription, leaning on local conditions. The effect of the improved prescription demonstrated: the leaves of flowers and tress were greener and vitaler contrasting with soil culture; the content of chlorophyll increased by 10-20 %; the yellow leaves reduced by 60-80%; water consumption by 40-60 %; plant disease and insect pest by 75-100 %, in addition, there were no weeds, and the period of being enjoyed had been prolonged. Key words: flowers and trees; soilless culture 无土栽培(Soilless culture)是指不用土壤,而用无机营养液或化学惰性物质做栽培基质,然后浇灌完 全营养液的一种科学栽培植物的方法.1929 年,美国加利福尼亚大学教授 Gericke 首次无土栽培番茄, 获得成功.1950 年日本开始用无土栽培种植室内植物.1965 年英国 Coopen 发明了营养膜( ＮFT)技 术,1969 年丹麦的Ｇrodan 公司开发的岩棉栽培技术,极大地推动了无土栽培在世界范围成功的发 展.1971 年新加坡引进无土栽培技术,生产花卉,产品远销到欧洲一些国家.欧共体文件规定,2000 年温 [1] 室生产全部改用无土栽培 .我国无土栽培始于 1941 年,愈诚