2012高考英语之定语从句相关术语、分类及单选解题思路.ppt

定语从句的相关术语、分类及其单选解题思路 定语从句 定语：在句子中修饰名词、代词，相当于形容词的句子成分。 The girl who is standing there is Mary. 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词。 关系词的种类 关系词的3个作用　 定语从句的分类 例1.This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.　例2. Ill never forget the days when I worked together with you.　 判断：This is the mountain village ______ I visited last year.　 Ill never forget the days______ I spent in the countryside.　 例1. Is this museum _____ you visited a few days ago?　A. where　B. that　C. on which　D. the one 例2. Is this the museum _____ the exhibition was held? A. where　B. that　C. which　 D. the one 单选题的解题步骤和解题技巧 * 黄洪华 huanghonghua09@126.com 相关术语 1 分类 2 基本结构 3 单选解题思路 4 从句 先行词 关系词 定语 定语从句 相关术语 从句：复合句中不能独立成句，但具有主语部分和谓语部分，由that、who等引导词引导的非主句部分。 定语从句：如果是一个从句作定语，那么这个从句就是定语从句。 例如：The girl who is standing there is Mary. 关系词：引导定语从句的词。 先行词 关系词 关系副词：where, when, why等 关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose, as等 关系词 绝对没有what ！ 连接作用 替代作用 成分作用 把主句和从句连接起来。 关系代词在从句中替代它前面的先行词甚至可能是整个主句。 在定语从句中充当一定句子成分。 先行词和关系词的关系 ①A plane is a machine that can fly. the machine = that ②The boy who broke the window is called Tom. the boy = who 关系代词实际上是先行词的复指 先行词和关系词的关系 ③The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather. the boy’s =whose 关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格 ④The school where I study is far from my home. in the school = where 关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词 定语从句的基本结构 先行词/句子 +关系词（关系副词/关系代词）+从句 ①A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. ②We are shown pictures about a region. The region was threatened by growing poverty. ③I’ll never forget the days. we spent the days together/we studied together on the days. 非限制性定语从句He told me a story yesterday, which I think is very interesting. I met John , who told me the news. 限制性定语从句She has found the necklace（that）she lost two weeks ago. 定语从句 方法一：用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。不及物动词后面若无宾语，该用关系副词或者是介词加关系代词；而及物动词后接宾语，句中无宾语时则要求用关系代词（但从句中已有宾语或是被动语态，则用关系副词）。 用关系代词还是关系副词? which which 方法二：判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、宾、定、状)，正确选择关系代词/关系副词。 （主、宾、定——用关系代词，状——用关系副词。） 用关系代词还是关系副词? D. A. 判断是否定语