考研英语口语单元复习(5).docVIP

考研网/为广大考研考生提供详细的考研复习辅导资料 【R】Unit 15 Material Science About glass: Brief history: no one is certain where, when, or how glass originated. 8000B.C.: there are hints of glazing(上釉) on pottery. 3000~2000B.C: it may have appeared first in the Middle East in regions such as Egypt and Mesopotamia. Glass was discovered by accident: Phoenician traders noticed that a clear liquid formed when the nitrate blocks on which they placed their cooking pots melted and mixed with sand from the beach. 1500 B.C.: A method was developed by Egyptian craftsmen for producing glass vessels. 650 B.C.: the first manual of glassmaking appeared on Assyrian stone tablets. 2000 years ago: Syrian craftsmen invented glassblowing. 13th century : the rise of Venice to prominence enabled this city to become the center of glassmaking in the western world. 2. Contributions: glass contributed to the rampant changes that swept through western Europe between 1200 and 1850. This kind of molten liquid shaped our world. Mirrors, lensesscience development (bacteriology, astronomy, physics, optics, paintings…) Stained-glass windowswhat we believed, how we perceived ourselves. Panes of glasslengthened the working day, improved conditions for workers, leaded to improvements in hygiene and health, improved the agriculture and horticulture, bringing a healthy diet to the population. Glass directly contributed to navigation and travel. Glass bottlesrevolutionized the distribution and storage of drinks, foods, and medicines. 3. Knowledge of triangle: new knowledge leads to significant innovations and a richer appreciation of new or improved physical artifacts. These artifacts, if useful, are often disseminated in large quantities. These objects then may fund further theoretical explorations. About discoveries: Newton’s law of motion: To many people Isaac Newton is physics, and it’s largely because of a series of books he wrote. Newton’s law explained the motion of all physic