机电行业基础英语 下册 教学课件 作者 冯宜丽 Unit6.pptVIP

proverbs and sayings Tongue Twisters Song Text A  Heat Treatment 3 Hardening Hardening is a process of heating and cooling steel to increase its hardness and tensile strength, to reduce its ductility, and to obtain a fine grain structure. The procedure includes heating the metal above its critical point or temperature, followed by rapid cooling. As steel is heated, a physical and chemical change takes place between the iron and carbon. The critical point, or critical temperature, is the point at which the steel has the most desirable characteristics. When steel reaches this temperature—somewhere between 1,400 and 1,600 OF—the change is ideal to make for a hard, strong material if it is cooled quickly. critical ： adj.??决定性的，批评的e.g. We are at a critical time in our history. 我们正处于历史的 紧要关头。 Why are you always so critical? 你怎么老是这样吹毛求疵？ Text A  Heat Treatment 淬火 淬火是把钢加热然后冷却以提高其硬度、抗拉强度，降低其韧性并获得细晶粒组织的方法。这个过程包括把金属加热到它的临界点，即临界温度以上然后迅速予以冷却。随着钢的加热，在铁和碳之间就发生物理变化和化学变化。临界点，即临界温度，是钢具有最理想的特性的温度。当钢达到这一温度（界于1400~1600OF之间），如果予以迅速冷却，这一变化对获得坚硬的高强度材料是很理想的。 译文 Text A  Heat Treatment 4 Tempering Tempering is a process of reducing the degree of hardness and strength and increasing the toughness. It removes the brittleness from a hardened piece. It is a process that follows the hardening procedure and makes the metal as hard and tough as possible. Tempering is done by reheating the metal to low or moderate temperature, followed by quenching or by cooling in air. As the metal is heated for tempering, it changes in colour. These colours are called temper colours. You can watch these colours to know when the correct heat is reached. A more accurate method, of course, is to watch the pyrometer. Many parts and projects are completely tempered. Others are tempered in one section, and the rest remains in the hardened state. moderate： adj.??中等的,?适度的 e.g. He usually drives at a moderate speed. 他通常以中速开车。 accurate： adj.??精确的,?准确的 e.g. Journalists are not always accurate. 新闻工