第十三,四课时学案 主谓一致.doc

第十三课时学案 主谓一致(Subject- Verb Agreement) 语法详细讲解 主谓一致指”人称”和”数方面的一致关系可分为语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致. (一)???? 语法一致原则: 主语为单数,谓语用单数主语为复数,谓语用复数.以下为注意事项: 1.?单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to, as much as, The manager, rather than the workers, is responsible for the loss.Nobody but three policemen was on the spot. 2.?引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数.Air as well as water is matter.??? 空气和水都是物质. No one except two servants was late for the dinner.? 除两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐 3.?用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如: The poet and writer has come.???? 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人) A hammer and a saw are useful tools.?? 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物) 用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如: iron and steel__ 钢铁 a needle and thread 针线aim and end__ 目的going to bed early and getting up early 早睡早起a watch and chain__ 一块带链的表a cart and horse 一辆马车a coat and tie__ 配有领带的上衣bread and butter__ 黄油面包law and order__ 治安a knife and fork__ 刀叉 bread and butter(黄油抹面包), 作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 4.??不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如: Serving the people is my great happiness.为人民服务是我最大的幸福. When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了. 5.??在each...and each..., every...and every..., no...and no...等结构之后,谓语动词用单数形式. Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming.? 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳. No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting.? 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席. Each man and (each) woman is asked to help.? 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙. Each boy and each girl has an apple.Every hour and every minute is precious.No bird and no beast is seen on the lonely island. 6.?each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如: Each of us has something to say. 我们每个人都有话要说 7.?若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数. 但more+复数名词+than one做主语时, 谓语动词仍用复数. 如: Many a boy likes playing basketball.???? 许多男生都喜欢打篮球. More than one student was late.???? 不只一个学生迟到 More persons than one come to help us. 不止一个人来帮助我们. .? none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数, 也可用复数; 但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数. 如: None of us are