计算机科学与技术：VB.NET应用教程 教学课件 作者 978 7 302 09622 1 Advanced VB.NET Chapter 3.pptVIP

Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 3 Arrays and Control Statements Objectives Arrays Structures Enums Control Statements Handling Errors Dynamic Controls The Random Class Exercise Labs Suggested Home Assignments Arrays An array is a set of variables or objects grouped by a shared name and differentiated by an index. Example There are 11 elements in the array. These are indexed from 0 to 10. Elements in an Array An array can be thought of as a chest of draws, where each draw has an identifying number. Elements in an array are indexed The first element always starts with index 0 Ranks of an Array The rank of an array is the number of the highest indexed element in it. This defines an array of rank 10. Array Dimensions Arrays can have many dimensions. Here we have three dimensions Creating an cube of 11 by 11 by 11 elements Explicit and Implicit Rank An array has explicit rank when its rank is specified when it is declared. An array has implicit rank when its rank is not specified when it is declared. In this case the array must be redimensioned before it can be used. But its dimensions can be changed. Once an implicit rank array has be redimensioned only its last dimension can redimensioned again. The keyword Preserve forces VB to retain the current content of the array. ReDim Example ReDim Example GetUpperBound Returns the rank of each dimension Initializing Arrays Place values in the elements of an array when it is declared. In this case, rank cannot be specified explicitly. This will create an array of rank 3 with initial values 0,1,2, and 3 in elements 0,1,2, and 3, respectively. Initializing Several Dimensions Separate dimensions with wiggly brackets Jagged Arrays Allows a different number of lower dimension elements (e.g., days in a month) in a higher level dimension (e.g., month of the year) A Matrix of 12 elements in dimension 1, but with 31 elements in dimension 2 for the first element in dimension 1, being January, but only 28 elements in d