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review article Published online: 29 march 2009 | doi: 10.1038/nnano.2009.58 chemical methods for the production of graphenes 1 1 sungjin Park and rodney s. ruoff * Interest in graphene centres on its excellent mechanical, electrical, thermal and optical properties, its very high specific surface area, and our ability to influence these properties through chemical functionalization. There are a number of methods for gen- erating graphene and chemically modified graphene from graphite and derivatives of graphite, each with different advantages and disadvantages. Here we review the use of colloidal suspensions to produce new materials composed of graphene and chemically modified graphene. This approach is both versatile and scalable, and is adaptable to a wide variety of applications. he development of various methods for producing graphene — graphite in the presence of strong acids and oxidants. The level of a single layer of carbon atoms bonded together in a hexagonal the oxidation can be varied on the basis of the method, the reaction Tlattice — has stimulated a vast amount of research in recent conditions and the precursor graphite used. Although extensive 1 years . The remarkable properties of graphene reported so far research has been done to reveal the chemical structure of graphite 2 include high values of its Young’s modulus (~1,100 GPa) , fracture oxide, several models are still being debated in the literature. 2