船舶操纵性与耐波性舵设计课件.pptVIP

The action of a ships rudder 《船舶操纵性与耐波性》课件 《船舶操纵性与耐波性》课件 有一货轮在直线航行时受到突然的外界扰动而偏航，由船上的角速度陀螺仪测量表明，8秒钟后，回转角速度减少一半，试估算该船的指数T。 解： 《船舶操纵性与耐波性》课件 一艘长L=100m的船舶处于直航状态，其无因次操纵性指数K’=1.5，T’＝2.0，当船舶在操一左舵20度后，向前行驶了100m， 问：此时船舶的航向角改变了多少？ 《船舶操纵性与耐波性》课件 5-4 特种舵简介 《船舶操纵性与耐波性》课件 《船舶操纵性与耐波性》课件 High performance rudders The tightness of a vessels controlled turn is largely determined by how fast the rudder force can swing the ships head, as this reduces the flows angle of attack on the rudder and so larger rudder angles can be achieved before the flow stalls This can be accomplished to some extent by making a larger rudder but there is limited space at the stern Therefore, a number of rudders have been developed with devices that greatly enhance the rudder force at low rudder angles so called “high performance” or “high lift” rudders Examples: The rotating cylinder rudder (Flettner rotor) The ”Becker” flap rudder The Shilling rudder The rotating cylinder rudder (The Flettner rotor) The rudder incorporates a cylinder into its leading edge the cylinder can spin in either direction by a drive mechanism for example, when the rudder is put over to starboard the cylinder is driven around in an anti-clockwise direction This spin accelerates flow further over the low pressure side of the rudder whilst reducing flow over the other side Thus, it increases the rudder force for a given rudder angle The Becker rudder or the Flap rudder This rudder have a hinged flap on the trailing edge The flap is turned in the same direction as the rudder when helm is applied and so adds “camber” to the rudder section, which enhances its athwartships thrust The ruder is fitted with end plates to entrap the flow It is not quite so effective as the rotating cylinder but it is a simpler mechanism Some rudders are made with both a rotating cylinder on the leading edge and a flap hinged on the trailing edge The Becker (flap) rudder g Rudder with a twisted leading edge This rudder avoids cavitation throu