第五章图与网络.pdfVIP

1 18 1736 1847 1857 C H 1859 n 2n +2 Operations Research 1 SPP shortest path problem 2 博士家园论坛数学模型版块管理团队收集 3 assignment problem N N 4 CPP chinese postman problem 1960 5 TSP traveling salesman problem 6 transportation problem M N M N optimization network netwok optimization flow network flows 2 2.1 undirected graph G V G V G E G G V G , E G V G v ,v , ,v G vertex setnode set V G 1 2 n v i 1,2, ,n vertex node i E G e ,e , ,e G edge setE G e V G 1 2 m k v ,v e v ,v e v v v v k 1,2, ,m i j k i j k i j j i v edge v i j e v v v ,v e v v adjacente k i j i j k j i k v ,v incident i j G undirected network G | V | 博士家园论坛数学模型版块管理团队收集 ν G | E |ε G G G V,E ,ν εV G , E G ,ν G ε G loop simple graph 2.2 directed graph digraphG V V A G V, A V v ,v , ,v 1 2 n G V v i 1,2, ,n i A a ,a , ,a G arc setA a V 1 2 m k v ,v a v ,v a v v k 1,2, ,n i j k i j k i j v v arc i j a v v v a tailv a heada v k i j i k j k k i outgoing arcvj incoming arc D G D G G D G 2.3 n complete graph K n V G X ∪Y X ∩Y Φ| X || Y |≠0 | X |X X Y G bipartite graph ?x ∈X ,?y ∈Y xy ∈E G G K |X |,|Y | 2.4 H G subgraph H ?G V H ?V G E H ?E G H G G H G spanning subgraphV H V G H 2.5 v ∈V G G v v degree d v d v v odd point d v v even point i ∑d v 2ε v ∈V ii 2.6 博士家园论坛数学模型版块管理团队收集 5 G V, A | V | n, | A | m V 1,2, ,n A 1,2, ,m i adjacency matrix G V, A C n ×n 0 ?1 n ×n C c ∈ 0,1 ij n ×n 1, i,j ∈A, ? cij ? 0, i,j ?A. ? 10 n2 m 7 ?0 1 1 0 0? ? ? ?0 0 0 1 0 ? ?0 1 0 0 0 ? ? ? ?0 0 1 0 1 ? ??0 0 1 1 0?? n ×n 1 ii incidence matrix G V, A B B n ×m n ×m B bik n ×m ∈ ?1,0,1 ? ∈ ∈ j V k i j A 1, , , , ? ? ? ? ∈ ∈ b j V k j i A ik ? 1, , , , ? 0, . ? 1 ?1 0+1?1 nm 2m 博士家园论坛数学模型版块管理团队收集 8 7 1,2 1,3 2,4 3,2 4,3 4,5 5,3 5,4 ? 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 ? ? ? ??1 0 1 ?1 0 0 0