Chapter 9 Teams and Teamwork.ppt

Chapter 9: Teams and Teamwork PSYC 352 Terminology Dyad: Two-person unit Group vs. Team No real distinction Team: A social aggregation in which a limited number of individuals interact on a regular basis to accomplish a set of shared objectives for which they have mutual responsibility. Origins of Work Teams Factors that led to the use of teams: Information age Educated and trained population Rate of change in work activities Teams are not always better than individuals Level of Analysis Types of Teams  Larson LaFasto, 1989 Problem Solving Team: A type of team created for the purpose of focusing on the resolution of a particular problem or issue. Creative Team: A type of team created for the purpose of developing innovative possibilities or solutions. Types of Teams  Larson LaFasto, 1989 Tactical Team: A type of team created for the purpose of executing a well-defined plan or objective. Ad Hoc Team: A type of team created for a limited duration that is designed to address itself to resolving one particular problem. Types of Teams  Larson LaFasto, 1989 Principles of Teamwork Feedback provided and accepted Backing up team members Collective group Within-team interdependence Leadership makes a difference Team Structure Structure of a team includes: Number of members Demographic composition Experience of members Diversity in teams: Information diversity Value diversity Team Processes: Stages of Development Team Structure: Roles Team Processes: Socialization Socialization: process of mutual adjustment that produces changes over time in the relationship between a person and a team. How socialization works Moreland Levine, 2001 : Evaluation Commitment Role transition and phases of membership investigation, socialization, maintenance, resocialization, remembrance Team Processes:Interpersonal Processes Communication Conflict Cohesion Trust Team Processes:Shared Mental Models Shared Mental Model:the cognitive processes held in common by members of a team