车辆自组网络路由协议分析与仿真毕业设计.doc

摘要 随着科学技术的不断发展与进步，人们的生活水平在逐渐的提高，对生活质量也有了越来越高的要求，越来越多的家庭开始拥有私家车了。然后更多的汽车出现在了道路上，造成了道路上的严重拥堵，从而交通事故也有了逐渐增长的趋势。这些问题都给现代的交通系统提出严峻的挑战。现在交通系统需要解决的问题是怎样减少交通事故的发生，坚决这个问题的关键是怎样提高道路交通环境的质量。在我看来，如果能够实现车辆间的通信，使得车辆之间能够迅速、快捷的获得其他车辆的信息，从而让驾驶者能快速的做出正确的反应，那么就可以很大限度的降低交通事故的发生，从而能在一定的程度上缓解道路的拥堵。车载网的关键技术包括：车载自组网无线接入技术、GPS定位技术、自组网路由协议。 车载网分类可以分成：基于拓扑的路由协议，基于地理的路由协议，基于地图的路由协议。本文选用AODV路由协议与GPSR协议进行对比分析。其中重点分析了AOD与GPSR这二种协议的原理。在网络迅速膨胀的今天，随着网络规模的不断增大，网络因素类型不断增多时，传统的以经验为主的网络设计方法已经不能够适应现在的需求，且用现实中真实存在的通信元素进行测试，会造成资源和时间的浪费，因此，利用网络仿真工具在模拟的环境中对其网络性能进行仿真显得非常重要。 在本文中，主要介绍了NS2的仿真平台及其体系框架结构。其中包括仿真工具NS2。模拟了车载网节点的移动。在测试场景中，对比了二种不同的协议下吞吐量、抖动率、延时、丢包率的比较。改进后的算法在接收包的成功率、发送包的延时、抖动率、吞吐量要优于GPSR协议。最后，得到的结论为：由于GPSR算法通过贪心算法，选取的是最远的节点作为转发中继，故延时相对于AODV算法比较而言，端到端延时更小。二种协议传送相同的数据包，由于GPSR协议延时小，故吞吐量较大，抖动比较小。仿真也表明，使用GPSR算法，丢包率也较低。 关键词：移动自组网，车载网，NS-2，无状态贪心算法 Vehicle ad hoc network routing protocol analysis and simulation ABSTRACT In recent years, our life is more better than before, and the design for life quality is more and more popular. One of the examples are that vehicular cars become very common in our life. More and more cars are on the road and thus cause big problems to traffic. How to reduce the traffic and accident happen are in hot research. The good design traffic are that cars could communicate with frequency and the traffic accident is small. And the driver could get enough information to deal with the incoming bad condition. With the propose the research is more and more serious if we not deal with the problems. Vehicular Ad Hoc Network contains many important technologies. such as how to access the medium which used in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network, Global Positioning System and the routing protocol which are used in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network. AODV is widely used in Ad hoc mobile network, which is a widely used routing protocol, GPSR is another routing protocol which are used in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network。We chose the NS2 simulation to analysis which routing protocol is much better suitable for the mobile