发酵床养猪垫料中重金属累积初探.pdfVIP

2010 年家畜环境与生态学术研讨会论文集 发酵床养猪垫料中重金属累积初探 王福山1 周斌 2 汪开英 1* 陆建定 2 （1. 浙江大学生物系统工程与食品科学学院，杭州，310058 ；2. 浙江省畜牧兽医局，杭州，310020） [摘 要] 为评估发酵床养殖垫料的潜在的重金属污染风险，对衢州市3 个代表性猪场进行了初步调 查，并分析测定了饲料与垫料中重金属Cu、Zn 的含量。监测分析结果表明，各猪场垫料中Cu、Zn 含量普遍偏高，参照我国现行农用污泥中污染物控制标准，则垫料中 Cu 含量超标率 62%，样品的 Zn 含量不超标, ；若参照德国的腐熟堆肥标准，垫料中Cu、Zn 的超标率分别为100％和33 ％。随着 垫料使用时间的延长，垫料重金属含量有较明显的累积趋势，累积量受饲料中重金属含量的影响。 [关键词] 重金属；发酵床；猪场 The preliminary study on heavy metals accumulation in deep-litter systems WANG Fu-shan, ZHOU Bin, WANG Kai-ying, LU Jian-ding (School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058; Zhejiang Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau, Hangzhou, 310020) Abstract The purpose of the paper was to evaluate the potential risk of heavy metals of litter in deep-litter systems. Three typical pig farms were investigated in Quzhou, Zhejiang Province, and the content of Cu, Zn in feed and litter that collected from the pig farms was analyzed. The results of analysis indicated that the content of Cu and Zn in litter was in a higher level. According to the state control standards of pollution in agricultural sludge, the rate of the samples that exceeding the limit of Cu in litter was 62%, and the contents of Zn in the samples were under the limitation. According to the permissible level of the heavy metals in compost in German ．the rates of the samples that exceeding the limit of Cu and Zn in litter were 100 ％ and 33 ％ respectively. As the use time of litter prolonged, the content of heavy metals has a trend of accumulating. Also, the feed could affect the level of accumulation. Keywords heavy metal, deep-litter system, pig farms. 近年来，发酵床养猪模式在国内迅猛发展，在黑、吉、辽、冀、鲁、陕、晋、豫等地得到较多 的推广应用，在闽、浙、湘、桂、鄂、粤等省也有一定的应用。发酵床养猪是用粪便发酵剂菌种按 一定比例混合秸秆、锯末屑、稻壳粉和粪便（或泥土）形成一个发酵床，以