商务写作指南易混淆词汇辨析.docVIP

1.affect vs effect 两个“影响”辨析 Affect?and?effect?are two words that are commonly?confused. Affect is usually a verb (action); effect is usually a noun (thing). Affect和effect这两个词语经常被混淆。Affect通常用作动词，表示某种行为，而effect常用作名词，表示某事。 Hint: If its something youre going to do, use affect. If its something youve already done, use effect. 提示：如果某事是你正打算要去做的，那么用affect；如果某事是你已经做完了的，那么就用effect。 To affect something or someone. “影响”某事或某人 Example 1: The noise outside affected my?performance. 例1：外面的噪音影响了我的发挥。 Example 2: Staying away so long from office will affect?promotion. 例2：长期离职会影响晋级。 The use of effect as a verb is what causes the most confusion between these two words. effect用作动词时，最容易和affect造成混淆。 To have an effect on something or someone. 对某事或某人有“影响” Note: effect is followed by the?preposition?on and?preceded?by an?article?(an, the) 注意：effect前面一般要有冠词a/the，effect后面通常要加介词on。 Example 1: His smile had a strange effect on me. 例1：他的笑容对我有一种奇怪的影响。 Example 2: Parents worry about the effect of music on their?adolescents behavior. 例2：家长们担心音乐对于其青少年子女行为的影响。 2.some time / sometime vs sometimes 一段时间、某时和有时的辨析 Some time?means a period of time. Some time表示一段时间。 Example 1: The government still has?sufficient?instruments?and still some time to move on this question. 例1：政府仍然有足够的工具和时间来应对这个问题。 Example 2: I think Jenny and I need some time right now anyway. 例2：反正我和珍妮需要一点时间。 Sometime?indicates a time in the future or the past which is not known or not stated. Sometime表示未来或者过去的某个时间，而这个时间目前还未知或者没有表述清楚。 Example 1: They hoped to meet up sometime. 例1：他们希望能找个时间见个面。 Example 2: The sales figures wont be released until sometime next month. 例2：销售数据要到下个月的某个时候才会公布。 Sometimes?means on some?occasions?but not always or often. Sometimes指的是有时，但并不经常，表示频率。 Example 1: During the summer, my skin sometimes gets?greasy. 例1：夏天我的皮肤有时会变得爱出油。 Example 2: I differed with my partner sometimes,but we usually agree. 例2：我有时与我的伙伴争论，但我们通常是一致的。 3.e.g vs i.e“ 例如”和“也就是”的辨析 e.g.?stands for exempli gratia = for example. e.g.是拉丁语exempli gratia的简写，表示“例