木鳖果天然类胡萝卜素研究的进展.docVIP

类胡萝卜素：木鳖果天然类胡萝卜素研究的进展 摘 要：木鳖果(Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng)为葫芦科苦瓜属植物，生长在越南和南亚，以及我国的湖南、四川、江西、广西、云南等地。由于其含有丰富的番茄红素、β-胡萝卜素、叶黄素等功能性成分而受到国外学者的广泛关注，诸多的研究集中在木鳖果功能成分的分析和鉴定、鲜果在贮藏过程中功能成分的变化，以及提取和干燥工艺等。本文针对木鳖果的植物属性、类胡萝卜素的含量及分布、相关结构及生理功能、提取工艺及稳定性，以及研究进展和存在问题进行较全面阐述，表明木鳖果为天然功能性类胡萝卜素良好的植物来源，为我国开发和应用于食品和保健品提供实践依据。Research Progress of Natural Carotenoids in Gac FruitYANG Yong-qing1 , ZHONG Si-qiong2, Sun Yong3 CHEN Hong-xiu4, LIU Hui1*(1. College of Food Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China；2. College of Food Science Technology of Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China；3. Beijing Food Research Institute, Bejing 100162, China；4. Beijing gacs Private Limited Liability Company, Bejing 100162, China)Abstract: Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng)，a bitter gourd species of Cucurbitaceae, grow in Vietnam and South Asia, and Chinas Hunan, Sichuan, Jiangxi, Guangxi and other places. Foreign scholars concern by because its rich concentration of lycopene, beta-carotene, lutein, and other functional ingredients .Many studies have focused on the analysis and identification of the functional components of composition in gac fruit during storage function changes in the extraction and drying process and so on. We review Gac plant property, the carotenoid distribution, structure and physiological function of the extraction process and stability, as well as research progress and problems and aim for the gac fruit as a natural function class carotene from plant sources, provide a practical basis for our contury to develope and use in food and health products .Key words: Gac fruit；carotenoids；concentration；Structure and Function木鳖果是迄今为止发现类胡萝卜素含量最高的水果，其假种皮中含有丰富的番茄红素和β-胡萝卜素，故被誉为 “来自天堂的水果”，并受到许多国外学者重视。越南北部和我国广西、云南一些地区的居民食用木鳖果历史悠久。食用方法是白酒浸泡成熟的木鳖果的假种皮得到其色素和脂质的混合物，将其掺拌到米饭中，熟制而成的糯米饭色泽鲜亮、口感润滑，在越南称其“xoi gac”[1]。另一种食用方法是提取木鳖果油（gac oil），用于孕妇或哺乳期妇女及儿童预防和治疗干眼病和夜盲症[2]。目前，国外学者已经研究了木鳖果中功能性成分的种类、数量及其分布，贮藏中的变化情况，以及提取和干燥工艺等，而我国在这方面的研究尚未见详细