《unit3语法课件》课件三十一（27张PPT）（人教版选修7）.pptVIP

* * Unit 3 Under the Sea Revision of  The passive ing-form Learning about Language (一) 现在分词（ing-形式）的构成 V-ing 形式由 “do＋ing” 构成，其否定形式是 “not doing”, V-ing 可以带宾语或状语构成 V-ing 短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态 的变化。 完成式 一般式 被动语态 主动语态 　语态 时态 (not) doing (not) being done (not) having done (not) having been done (二) 现在分词的用法 现在分词可在句中作定语和状语。 1.? 作定语 现在分词作定语时多置于它所修饰的名词前: This?is?a?pressing?question. 这是一个紧迫的问题。 He?asked?an?embarrassing?question. 他提了一个令人难堪的问题。 现在分词亦可置于它所修饰的名词之后: There?were?no?soldiers?drilling. 现在分词短语一般皆置于其修饰的名词之后: A?little?child?learning?to?walk?often?falls. The?men?working?here?are?all?from?the?rural?areas. (1)表示时间 Climbing?to?the?top?of?the?tower,?we?saw?a?magnificent?view. He?went?out?shutting?the?door?behind?him. Walking along the street , she saw a little girl running up to her. Seeing Tom, I couldn’t help thinking of his brother. 2.?现在分词用作状语 现在分词及其短语从表意的角度看,?也可用作状语,?表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。 其动作可能发生在谓语动词之前或之后,?也可能与谓语动的动作同时发生。 (句子的主语就是分词的逻辑主语) 强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生时,?现在分词之前可用连词when或while: When?leaving?the?airport,?they?waved? again?and?again?to?us. While watching TV in the room, I heard someone knocking at the door. While?flying?over?the?Channel,?the?pilot?saw?what?he?thought to?be?a?meteorite. When crossing the road, you must be careful. 也可加上 介词 on 或in 来替代when 和while (2)表示原因 Being?sick,?I?stayed?at?home. She?caught?cold?sitting?on?the?grass. Knowing that he was tired, I told him to have a rest. (3)表示条件 Adopting?this?method,?we?will?raise?the?average?yield?by?40?percent. Turning?to?the?right,?you?will?find?a?path?leading?to?his?cottage. (4)表示让步 Admitting?what?she?has?said,?I?still?think?that?she?hasnt?tried?her? best. (5)表示结果 It?rained?heavily,?causing?severe?flooding?in?that?country. It?rained?for?two?weeks?on?end,?completely?ruining?our?holiday. (6)表示方式或伴随情况 He?ran?up?to?her?breathing?heavily. Please?fill?in?the?form,?giving?your?name,?address,?etc. 完成形式 现在分词的完成形式主要用在状语中，表示动作在谓语动作之前发生，如： Having been there many