毕业设计（论文）-车辆运行速度检测系统的研究与实现.doc

车辆运行速度检测系统的研究与实现 摘 要 基于视频图像处理的交通信息检测系统因其简单、方便、实时性好等各种独特优势越来越受到重视，近年来成为国内外研究的一个热点，在交通监控系统己被广泛使用，成为现代智能交通(ITS)系统的发展方向和趋势，现在多数大城市中闯红灯系统己经由地感线圈等作方式过渡到视频处理方式，并取得了良好效果。流量、速度监控系统也逐渐用了视频处理方式，视频图像检测己成为TS的关键核心技术之一。有着广阔的应用前景。车辆速度检测是交通信息检测的一个重要组成部分。 本文对车辆速度检测所涉及的摄像机标定和基于图像匹配的测速算法进行了研究。主要内容包括: (l)摄像机标定。在传统的线性模型基础上，介绍了一种新的摄像机标定方法。首先通过线性透视关系，用几何推导的方法对一维坐标进行标定，然后将其扩展至二维以提高标定精度，为了解决二维标定计算量大的问题，经过对二维标定的简化得到一个计算量小、稳定的标定算法。 (2)基于图像匹配的测速算法。在图像匹配的基础上，将虚拟线圈和图像匹配算法结合起来，根据线圈位置选取合适的模板，在预先设定的范围内，按照最佳匹配准则进行滑动匹配，得出车辆像素位移，以模板波形谷值点为特征点，得到匹配前后车辆绝对像素位置。 本文设计出一种实用的车速检测方法，能够实现车辆瞬时速度的实时检测。隧道实测数据的实验表明:能够比较准确地检测出车辆经过时的瞬时速度，在实际应用中的测量精度达到95%以上。初步应用表明:本设计可以满足实际应用的要求，可应用于隧道中的速度检测、车速调查等方面。 关键词：智能交通系统；交通参数检测；车辆速度检测；摄像机标定；数字图像处理 Research And Implementation On Vehicle Speed Detection System ABSTRACT Traffic information surveillance system based on video image processing is becoming more and more important because of its simple and convenient. And in recent years, a lot of researches focus on it and has been widely used in traffic surveillance and control system. It also becomes a Developing direction and trend in ITS (intelligent transportation system). Most of the Red light system has become the Video treatment from Coils to, and achieved good results. Flow, speed monitoring system also gradually uses the Video treatment; Video treatments have become one of the key technologies of TS, and have a broad application prospect. Vehicle speed detection is a very important part in the traffic information surveillance system. In this paper, camera calibration and image-based matching algorithms are studied. Main contents are included: (1) Camera calibration. It proposes a new method of camera calibration based on the traditional Pin-hole Model. Firstly, one-dimensional algorithm is geometric method, and then extends it to two-dimensional in order to calculated out with the enhance calibration. Finally the two-dimensional calibration algorithm is simplified for reducing the computational complexity. (2) Image-based ma