非均质材料冲击特性数值研究.pdfVIP

非均质材料冲击特性的数值研究 * 非均质材料冲击特性的数值研究 许爱国 张广财 应阳君 朱建士 北京应用物理与计算数学研究所实验室，北京 100088 摘 要：使用近期发展的物质点方法对非均质材料的冲击动力学进行模拟研究。重点考察了孔隙度、 空隙平均大小和冲击波强度对波后物质状态参量的影响。发现，在孔隙度较低时，波后系统可以达 到一个动力学稳态，下游区域的空隙反射回的稀疏波使得物理量随时间轻微振荡。在孔隙度较大时， 波后物质密度和压强随时间逐渐减小，即冲击波的衰减明显。在孔隙度一定的前提下，更大的平均 空隙导致波后系统温度的进一步提高。局域密度、压强、温度、粒子速度的分布一般偏离高斯分布 并随时间变化。冲击波的衰减速率依赖于孔隙度、平均空隙大小和冲击波强度。局部湍流和体积耗 散是非均质材料中机械能转化为热能的重要机制；加载的冲击波越强，材料的非均质特征越显著。 关键词：非均质材料；冲击特性；物质点模拟 Numerical study on inhomogeneous material under shock XU Ai-guo, ZHANG Guang-cai, YING Yangjun, ZHU Jian-shi (National Key Laboratory of Computational Physics, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, P. O.Box 8009-26, Beijing 100088) Abstract: Porous materials under shock is investigated via the newly developed material-point method. The effects of porosity size, mean-void-size and shock strength are the main concerns. It is found that, when the porosity is very small, the shocked portion may arrive at a dynamical steady state; the voids in the downstream portion reflect back rarefactive waves and result in slight oscillations of mean density and pressure; for the same value of porosity, a larger mean-void-size makes a higher mean temperature; when the porosity becomes large, hydrodynamic quantities vary with time during the whole shock-loading procedure: after the initial stage, the mean density and pressure decrease, but the temperature increases with a higher rate. The distributions of local density, pressure, temperature and particle-velocity are generally non-Gaussian and vary with time. The changing rates depend on the porosity value, mean-