初级阶段对外汉语字词和阅读的研究.docVIP

摘  要  本文主要运用语言认知心理学的理论和研究方法对初级阶段的二语习得者学习 汉字、词汇和汉语阅读的过程和规律进行系统研究和总结。针对初级阶段汉语习得 者的特征，通过调查问卷、访谈和实验的方法，探究习得者在初级阶段的阅读学习 中遇到的障碍和教学中的解决方法。本文的主体章节可分为阅读理论、汉字的学习 策略，字词复现率对字词识别的影响，阅读教学方式研究和初级阶段阅读教材的探 究五个章节。 第一部分的阅读理论主要是对阅读过程和阅读习得阶段进行理论探究，包括阅 读的三大模型和第二语言习得理论；然后在汉字学习方面，本文主要利用调查问卷 分析初级阶段学生在汉字学习过程中对学习策略的选择情况，发现汉字圈与非汉字 圈习得者在汉字学习策略的选择上有显著差异，而性对因素对学习策略的选择影响 不显著。针对习得者对汉字学习策略的选择，教师在教学上可以有针对性的帮助学 生改进汉字学习方法。接着在词汇学习方面，针对初级阶段习得者的特点，本文主 要考察字词复现率对汉字学习效果的影响，发现双音词在课文出现 1 次及以上比出 现 0 次的效果要好很多，所以结论为生词应尽量都在课文中出现。第五章本文讨论 阅读教学方式，首先阐述阅读教学理论和原则，然后说明初级阶段习得者的特点， 最后讨论目前“语文同步”的教学方式的利弊。第六章主要讨论初级阶段阅读教材， 主要以《汉语阅读教程》为个案，首先分课文、练习、语法注释和练习四个方面对 《课程》进行描述性分析，然后根据学生感受对《课程》进行调查问卷。  关键词：阅读  初级阶段  对外汉语  学习策略  I Abstract In this paper, I have a systematic study on the process and discipline of the junior second-language learner learning Chinese characters, vocabulary and reading with the cognitive psychology theory of language. Through questionnaires, interviews, and experiments, I explore the obstructions that the junior learners have during the learning process and the solutions of them. The main sections of this article can be divided into 5 parts. They are reading theory, learning strategies of Chinese character, the effects of word’s reproducibility on word’s recognition, the study on teaching methods of reading and the exploration of initial reading materials. Chapter 1 is the introductory on the main statement of significance, methodology of this papper and the literature review. Chapter 2 is the reading theory. The theory exploration on the reading process and the learning process of reading. Including the “three models” and second language learning theory. Chapter 3 is the learning strategies of Chinese character. It explored the different learning efficiency between learning strategy by experimental research and questionnaires. Chapter 4 mainly discussed the meaning of the words learning during the reading teaching and the effects of word’s reproducibility on word’s recognition. Chapter 5 is the stud