圆盘菌科有性型及无性型研究.docVIP

圆盘菌科有性型及无性型研究 摘 要 圆盘菌Orbiliaceae)属于盘菌纲()，圆盘菌目(Orbiliales)圆盘菌科（Orbilia ）Pseudorbilia），它们都是一类蜡质、半透明，颜色鲜亮的小型盘菌。其无性阶段能产生包括捕食线虫真菌在内的多种丝孢菌从而在经济和生态学上显出重要的价值。本论文从云南境内采集圆盘菌标本份，通过子囊孢子萌发的得到无性型种，分属于Arthrobotrys Corda, Dactylellina Morelet, Drechslerella Subram, Dactylella Grove, Dicranidion Harkness, Pseudotripoconidium Z. F. Yu, Y. Zhang K.Q. ZhangDactylella-like等几个属。得到的主要结果如下：O. terrestris和A. pseudocladodes，O. lanceolata和A. vermicola，Orbilia sp.1和A. musiformis，O. siamesica和M. thaumasium，Orbilia sp.2和Dactylellina sp.; 5对黄橙圆盘菌复合种和它们的无性型联系；7对球孢圆盘菌复合种和它们的无性型联系。根据ITS序列分析的结果，确定了部分无性型的系统学位置。 从晶圆盘菌属分离到5种无性型，新建立联系4对：Hyalorbilia inflatula 和Dactylella sp.4, H. fagi 和Dactylella sp.5, H. ulicicola 和Dactylella sp.6, H. japonica 和Dactylella sp.7。 3、在圆盘菌及相关属的有性和无性型研究中, 共发现圆盘菌属新种1个:O. mesaverdiana，新记录种3个: O. lanceolata, O. tenebricosa, O. xanthostigma, O. concoloris, 无性型新种3个A. pseudocladodes，Dactylellina sp., Pseudotripoconidium sp., 部分新种正在定名中。 关键词：圆盘菌科，分类学，有性无性联系，捕食线虫真菌 ABSTRACT The Orbiliaceae belongs to Orbiliomycetes, Orbiliales. It includes three genus: Orbilia, Hyalorbilia and Pseudorbilia, which are characterized by small, waxy, light-colored and often translucent apothecia. Anamorphs of the Orbiliaceae were referable to several genera hyphomycets in which nematode-trapping fungi were included. These made Orbiliaceae show importance in economy and ecology, at the same time, they are good material for the study of fungi and their anamorphs. In this study, more than 1400 specimens of the Orbiliaceae were collected from Yunnan Province and other provinces of China. From these fruits, 28 anamorphic species belonging to the genera Arthrobotrys Corda, Dactylellina Morelet, Drechslerella Subram, Dactylella Grove, Dicranidion Harkness, Pseudotripoconidium Z. F. Yu, Y. Zhang K.Q. Zhang Dactylella-like were isolated from discharged ascospores. The results are as follows: 1、17 pair connections between teleomorph and anamorph of the Orbilia were established for the first time, among which inc