拖曳锚嵌入机理和运动特性实验研究.pdfVIP

第七届全国土木工程研究生学术论坛 东南大学 2009 拖曳锚嵌入机理及运动特性实验研究 张 炜，刘海笑 (天津大学建筑工程学院港口工程系，天津 300072) 摘 要：随着海上油气资源开发不断向深水和超深水发展，以合成纤维材料作为系缆并以拖曳锚作为系泊基础的绷紧式系泊系 统，越来越成为深水系泊的一种主要方式。本文通过广泛的文献调研，总结并评述了拖曳锚的各类研究方法，并在此基础上设计 和实施拖曳锚模型实验。基于模型实验平台，对拖曳锚的嵌入机理和运动特性开展实验研究，提出了嵌入因子、拖曳因子和拖曳 嵌入因子三大锚板性能指标，并针对设计锚胫角、锚板形状、锚板行进方向及锚板方位角与拖曳角的关系等国际上研究的热点与 难点展开实验，深化了对拖曳锚性能的认识，为我国在新型深水系泊基础及系泊系统方面的理论和实验研究提供了重要参考。 关键词：拖曳锚；法向承力锚；模型实验；嵌入机理；运动特性 Experimental Research for Embedment Mechanism and Kinematic Characteristic of Drag Anchors ZHANG Wei , LIU Hai-xiao (School of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China) Abstract: As the exploitation and production of hydrocarbons has been increasingly focused on deep and ultra-deep water, new type of taut-wire mooring systems, cooperating with new type drag-anchors and synthetic fibre ropes, have become one of the best options in deepwater mooring systems. After broadly indagating many related databases, in this paper, the general situation about the experiment research of drag anchors has been summarized, moreover, all types of the research methods are appraised. Based on the results of the indagation, the model experiment of drag-anchors has been designed and developed. Meanwhile, the embedment mechanism and kinematic characteristic of drag anchors, including the design shank-fluke angle, the shape of the anchor, the penetrated direction of the anchor and the relation between the drag angle and the anchor angle, have been studied. Besides, the embedment index, the drag index and the drag- embedment index have been suggested to evaluate the performance of the anchor. Finally, the research of this paper can be the significant reference for theoretical and experimental study of deep water mooring