improvement2粘度法研究高分子溶液行为的实验改进(Ⅱ).pdfVIP

http :hxtb. icas. ac. cn 　　　　　化学通报 　2002 年 第 9 期 6·31 · 实验技术 粘度法研究高分子溶液行为的实验改进( Ⅱ) 1 ,2 1 1 2 2 杨海洋 　李 　浩 　朱平平 　朱清仁 　范成高 ( 1 2 ) 中国科学技术大学高分子科学与工程系　 理化中心　合肥　230026 摘 　要 　高分子在粘度计毛细管管壁上的吸附不仅会导致毛细管有效管径减小 ,而且可以导致毛 细管界面性质发生显著改变 ,具体表现为测定高分子溶液流过时间 t 之前和之后纯溶剂的流过时间 t0 和 t0 ′与高分子溶液流过时间 t 对浓度作图外推到浓度为零时的值 t0 并不一致 。不同温度时聚乙烯吡 ( ) 咯烷酮 PVP 水溶液粘度测定结果表明 ,当吸附高分子显著改变了毛细管界面性质时 ,需要将高分子溶 液粘度测定方法由 tt0 ′改为 tt0 。经过改进的粘度测定方法不仅更加普适合理 ,而且更加简单有效。 关键词 　高分子溶液 　粘度测定 　高分子吸附层 　界面效应 Abstract 　Due to the adsorption of the polymer molecules on the walls of viscometer capillary , both the effective diameter and the wall surface property of viscometer capillary have been changed. As a result , the flow time of the pure solvent , namely t0 and t0 ′, obtained before and after the flow time of polymer solution , namely t , had been determined , was not the same as t0 , obtained by extrapolating to zero concentration according to the relationship ( between the flow time of polymer solution and concentration of polymer in solution. Viscometric study of poly Nvinyl 2pyrrolidone) ( PVP) in aqueous solution at different temperatures indicated that the influence of the capillary wall surface property upon the viscosity of polymer solution could be deleted completely if the viscosity of polymer solution was determined as tt0 , instead of by tt0 ′. Of pec