GRE机经阅读：英国女演员的地位.doc

GRE机经阅读：英国女演员的地位 小马过河为大家准备了“GRE机经阅读：英国女演员的地位”，供各位备考GRE的考生们参考使用，来提高自己的托福成绩！免费咨询电话：400-0123-267 　　英国女演员的地位： 　　In the past, only men could become actors in some societies. In the ancient Greece and Rome and the medieval world, it was considered disgraceful for a woman to go on the stage,and this belief persisted until the 17th century, when in Venice it was broken. In the time of William Shakespeare, womens roles were generally played by men or boys.When an eighteen-year Puritan prohibition of drama was lifted after the English Restoration of 1660, women began to appear on stage in England. Margaret Hughes is credited by some as the first professional actress on the English stage. This prohibition ended during the reign of Charles II in part due to the fact that he enjoyed watching actresses on stage. The first occurrence of the term actress was in 1700 according to the OED and is ascribed to Dryden. 　　In Japan, men (onnagata) took over the female roles in kabuki theatre when women were banned from performing on stage during the Edo period. This convention has continued to the present. However, some forms of Chinese drama have women playing all the roles. 　　In modern times, women sometimes play the roles of prepubescent boys. The stage role of Peter Pan, for example, is traditionally played by a woman, as are most principal boys in Britishpantomime. Opera has several breeches roles traditionally sung by women, usually mezzo-sopranos. Examples are Hansel in H?nsel und Gretel, Cherubino in The Marriage of Figaro and Octavian in Der Rosenkavalier.Women in male roles are uncommon in film with the notable exceptions of the films The Year of Living Dangerously and Im Not There. In the former film Linda Hunt played the pivotal role of Billy Kwan, for which she received the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. In the latter film Cate Blanchett portrayed Jude Quinn, a representation of Bob Dylan in the sixties,for which she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Su