Skin as an organizing model.ppt

Skin as an organizing model What is it? (Anatomy) What does it do? (Physiology) What is it made of? (Histology) Where does it come from? (Embryology) Skin as an organizing model What is it? (Anatomy) What does it do? (Physiology) What is it made of? (Histology) Where does it come from? (Embryology) Skin revisited: Filling in the Blanks Anatomy—dermatomes and spinal nerves Histology epidermal cells and layers dermal layers other structures Physiology details of skin protection function Pathology of skin skin cancers burns What is it (anatomy)? Outer covering of body Keratinized Hair—head, pubic regions Nails—fingers, toes Divided into segments called dermatomes (“Zebra-man”) CE (clinical example): Shingles Dermatomes and spinal nerves Dermatomes and segmentation in basic body plan Hair and nails—modified structures of epidermis Nails Scale-like epidermal structure Cells bind together and have “hard” keratin Grows out from root of nail Hair Each shaft has three layers of keratinzed cells filled with “hard” keratin Flat, ribbon-like shaft produces kinky hair; oval shaft makes wavy hair; round shaft makes coarse hair Hair color due to amount of melanins of different colors made my melanocytes at base of hair follicle; red hair also has iron-containing pigment; gray/white hair due to decreased melanin production Hair follicle Fold of epidermal surface into dermis Hair grows from here Has nerve plexus to give touch/tickle sensation Connective tissue sheath derived from dermis Hair length due to relationship between active and inactive phases of follicle (e.g., eyebrow follicles active only three to four months; head follicles can be continuosly active for years) Nails—scale-like epidermis Hairs and hair follicles What is it made of?(histology—study of tissues) Layers of skin are two fundamental types of tissue organization Epidermis = epithelium Dermis = connective tissue Layers of epidermis Stratum basale/germinativum (“