纳米固体尺寸效应机理：键序-键长-键能相关理论与应用.pdfVIP

Size dependency of nanosolid materials (Digest) Chang Q. Sun∗ School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798 Institute of Advanced Materials Physics and Faculty of Science, Tianjin University, 300072, P. R. China E-mail: ecqsun@.sg; URL: .sg/home/ecqsun/ (69.8 k words inclusive; 50 figs, 16 tab, 650 refs, Updated: 06/25/2005) Full article is available: /abs/cond-mat/0506113 Abstract A review is presented on the recent progress in understanding the mechanism behind the tunability of nanosoild materials with emphasis on its practical applications in nanosolid materials design. Attempt has been made to reconcile all detectable and tunable properties and all available models by incorporating an intensively verified bond order-length-strength (BOLS) correlation mechanism as origin to all possible mechanisms and the huge database of experimental observations. The BOLS correlation indicates that bond order loss, or atomic coordination (CN) imperfection, causes the remaining bonds of the lower-coordinated atoms to contract spontaneously associated with bond strength gain. Consequently, densification and localization of charge, energy, and mass in surface skin and modification of cohesive energy of the discreted atoms take place, which dictate the performance of a nanosoild of which the portion of the lower-coordinated surface atoms increases with inverse of size. Consistency between BOLS predictions and experimental observations confirms the tremendous impact of bond order loss at grain boundaries on the performance of a nanosolid in mechanical strength, thermal stability, acoustic vibration, photoemission and photoabsorption, electronic configuration, magnetism and dielectrics, a