Lecture 14Mirrors.ppt

Lecture 14Mirrors Flat Mirrors Images in Flat Mirrors Magnification Spherical Mirrors Spherical Mirrors Image Formation in Concave Mirrors Images in Concave Mirrors Image Types Convex Mirrors Sign Convention Summary Flat mirrors form virtual and unmagnified images. Spherical mirrors form both real and virtual images. Focal point of a spherical mirror is a point where parallel incoming rays intersect after reflection. The mirror equation connects the object distance, the image distance, the radius of the mirror curvature. * Chapter 23.1 ? 23.3 Outline Flat Mirrors Spherical Concave Mirrors Spherical Convex Mirrors Source of light is placed at point O at a distance p from a flat mirror. Point I is the image of point O. q is the image distance. Image is formed at the ray intersection point, either real or apparent. Images seen in flat mirrors are always virtual images. p q To find out where an image is formed, follow at least two rays reflected from the mirror. Triangles PQR and P′QR are identical ? PQ = P′Q The distance between the image and the mirror is the same as the distance between the object and the mirror, but they are located at different sides of the mirror. Lateral magnification M is defined as follows: image height h′ M ≡ ????? = ? object height h M = 1 for flat mirrors. The image in a flat mirror is unmagnified, virtual, and upright and have an apparent left-right reversal. A spherical mirror is a reflecting segment of a sphere. A concave mirror is a spherical mirror with a reflecting inner, concave surface. The image I of the object O is real. The image is sharp when the diverging rays from the object make small angles with the principal axis. When these angles are large, the reflected rays intersect at different points and form a blurry image. This phenomenon is called spherical aberration. tan ? = h/p = ?h/q M = h/h = ?q/p tan ? = h/(p?R) tan ? = ?h/(R?q) h R?q q ? = ?? = ? h p?R p ? 1 1 2 ? + ? =