Chapter 9 Deafness and Hearing Loss.ppt

Copywrite (c) 2002 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Deafness and Hearing Loss Definitions of Hearing Loss Medical perspective Continuum of hearing loss from mild to profound Educational perspective (IDEA definition) A hearing loss that adversely affects educational performance Difference between deafness and hard of hearing Deaf: The student is not able to hear even with a hearing aid Hard of hearing: Significant hearing loss that makes special adaptations necessary Many persons who are deaf do not view hearing loss as a disability How We Hear Audition, the sense of hearing, is a complex and not completely understood process The auricle funnels sound waves into the auditory canal Variations in sound pressure cause the eardrum to move in and out The vibrations of the bones of the middle ear transmit energy to the inner ear The inner ear is the most critical and complex part of the hearing apparatus Prevalence According to ASHA, 95 of every 1,000 people have a chronic hearing loss The large majority of persons with hearing loss are adults The U.S. Public Health Service estimates 83 out of 1000 children have an educationally significant hearing loss About 25% of students who are deaf or hard of hearing have another disabling condition Types and Causes of Hearing Loss Age of onset is important for determining educational needs Congenital hearing loss is present at birth Causes of congenital hearing loss Genetic Factors Maternal Rubella Congenital Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Premature birth Acquired hearing loss appears after birth Prelingual hearing loss before speech develops Postlingual hearing loss after speech develops Causes of acquired hearing loss Otitis Media Meningitis Ménière’s Disease Noise Exposure Characteristics of Students with Hearing Loss Students with hearing loss have different characteristics Levels of functioning influenced by: Degree of hearing loss Attitudes of parents and siblings Opportunities to acquire