儿科学绪论(英文)【荐】.pptVIP

INTRODUCTION OF PEDIATRICS Jie Shao M.D Department of Pediatrics Zhejiang University Field of Pediatrics Subjects: Fetus ----------------------------------Adolescence Tasks To improve quality of health care, prevention treatment of diseases, to decrease morbidity and mortality Goal To optimize children’s physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional development. Pediatrics Developmental Pediatrics Growth and Development Preventive Pediatrics Prevention of Disease Clinical Pediatrics Management of Disease Perinatology Neonatology Adolescent Medicine Characteristics of Pediatrics Basic Medicine Anatomy (variants) Physiology and Biochemistry (immature) Nutrition (greater requirements) Metabolism (relative higher) Immunology (compromised) Pathology (different response) Characteristics of Pediatrics Clinical Medicine Categories of diseases (congenital, infection) Clinical manifestations (rapid, changeable, non-specific) Treatment (combined, complex) Prognosis (better) Prevention (immunization, screening, gene test, quarantine, etc.) Age Period of Child Fetus Newborn Infancy Toddler age Period Preschool Age Period School Age Period Adolescence Fetal Period Definition: LMP---birth(40W),Conception---birth(38W) 1st trimester (embryonic):12W,differentiate 2nd trimester (fetus):13-28W(16W) 3rd trimester (fetus): 29-40W(12W) rapid growth elaboration of functions Characteristic: survive depending on mother Main Problems dead fetus, abortion, preterm, IUGR, TORCH Newborn Period Definition Birth---4th Wks, Perinatal period Characteristics survive independently, regulation and adaptability: not fully developed With high morbidity and mortality Main Problems hypothermia, asphyxia, brain injury, infection, jaundice, prematurity, congenital abnormality. Infant Period Definition 1 year Characteristics most rapid growth greater requirement of nutrition weak digestion and immunity function Main Problems dyspepsia, malnutrition, infection Toddler age