尿素包与法纯化小桐子油多不饱与脂肪酸的工艺研究.pdfVIP

尿素包和法纯化小桐子油多不饱和脂肪酸的工艺研究 ∗ 吕微,蒋剑春 ,徐俊明 （中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所；生物质化学利用国家工程实验室；国家林业局 林产化学 工程重点开放性实验室；江苏省生物质能源与材料重点实验室，江苏 南京 210042） 摘要：研究了尿素包合法纯化小桐子油脂中多不饱和脂肪酸（Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids,PUFAs）的工 艺条件。考察了溶剂种类、脂肪酸Ⅰ/尿素/甲醇质量比、包和温度和降温方式对PUFAs 纯化效果的影响。 三种溶剂中，甲醇对PUFAs 的纯化的效果最好。当脂肪酸Ⅰ/尿素质量比为 1:1、1:1.5、1:2、1:2.5 时， PUFAs 纯度不断提高，分别为69.38%、84.58%、94%和 100%，脂肪酸Ⅱ得率从38.20%逐步降至4.68%；脂 肪酸Ⅰ/尿素质量比一定，甲醇用量增加， PUFAs 收率明显提高，但对其纯度的影响不明显。包和温度为 -20℃时，PUFAs 的纯度（94.52%）和收率（23.78%）两个因素可同时得到兼顾。缓慢降温有利于PUFAs 的 收率和脂肪酸Ⅱ得率的提高，快速降温得到的PUFAs 的收率比缓慢降温低 10%左右，脂肪酸Ⅱ得率比缓慢 降温的低4%左右。 关键词：小桐子油；PUFAs；尿素包和法；纯化 中图分类号：TQ07,TQ031.5 Purification of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid from Jatropha Curcas L.Seed Oil by Urea Adduction Fractionation LV Wei, JIANG Jian-chun, Xu Jun-ming (Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products,CAF;Key and Open Lab.on Forest Chemical Engineering,SFA,Key Lab.of Biomass Energy and Materizal,Jiangsu Provienc,Nanjing210042,China) Abstract: The technological conditions of purifying polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) derived from Jatropha curcas L. seed oil during urea adduction fractionation were studied. The influences of the sorts of solvent, the mass ratio of fatty acid I-urea-methanol,inclusion temprature and cooling method on the purification of PUFAs were investigated.Methanol displayed best results during the isolating procession among three solvents.The purity of PUFAs had increased gradually when the mass ratio of fatty acid I-urea-methanol were 1:1,1:1.5,1:2 and 1:2.5,respectively,whose contents of PUFAs were about 69.38%,84.58%,94% and 100%,and the yield of fatty acid II had reduced from 38.20% to 4.68%.Increaseing methanol dosage and keeping fatty acid I-urea-methanol mass ratio, the product yield of PUFAs was improved evidently, and t