The Global Heat Budget.ppt

The Global Heat Budget Air-sea exchanges of heat ( freshwater) create deep water masses drive the conveyor belt Heat source into the ocean is solar radiation There are several heat loss terms latent, conduction, longwave radiation, reflected solar Ocean circulation moves heat (advection) Solar Radiation Solar Radiation The Heat Budget Total heat flux (Qt) = Solar radiation (Qs) - Latent heat loss (Qe) - Conductive heat loss (Qh) - Longwave radiation (Qb) Qt = Qs - Qe - Qh - Qb Heat Loss Terms Latent heat flux (Qe) Energy required to evaporate water Most important in tropics midlatitudes Conductive (or sensible) heat flux (Qh) Loss to turbulent exchange with atmosphere Typically small Longwave radiation (Qb) Net thermal IR emission from ocean Global Heat Budget Net Solar Radiation Latent Heat Loss Conductive Heat Loss Net Longwave Radiation Total Heat Flux Total Heat Flux Global Heat Budget Global Heat Transport Global Heat Transport Hydrographic Inverse Models WOCE hydrographic sections are used to estimate global circulation material transport Mass, heat, salt other properties are conserved Air-sea exchanges removal processes are considered Provides estimates of basin scale circulation, heat freshwater transports Global Heat Transport Global Heat Transport Global Heat Transport Global Heat Transport The Global Heat Budget Heat source into the ocean is solar radiation There are several heat loss terms latent, conduction, longwave radiation, reflected solar Ocean circulation moves heat (advection) Large scale heat budget can be closed by analyzing hydrographic sections * Typical Jan Tropics 200 W/m2 Mid-latitudes 100 W/m2 High-latitude ~10 W/m2 Typical Jan Tropics 120 W/m2 Mid-latitudes 100 W/m2 High-latitude ~20 W/m2 Typical Jan Tropics 0-10 W/m2 Mid-latitudes 0-40 W/m2 High-latitude 0-30 W/m2 Typical Jan Tropics 40-50 W/m2 Mid-latitudes 60-70 W/m2 High-latitude 30-50 W/m2 Typic