摘 要 太湖流域位于长江三角洲南缘.docVIP

摘 要 太湖流域位于长江三角洲南缘，是我国经济最发达、投资增长最具活力的地区之一，现处于工业化和城市化高速发展时期。但太湖流域水质逐年下降，现己成为我国最为典型的水质型缺水地区。虽然各级政府对太湖流域的水环境问题十分重视，采取了一系列保护治理措施，但太湖流域水环境恶化的总体趋势并没有得到有效抑制，流域水污染形势依然严峻。 本文通过对太湖流域水污染的现状、治理过程及成因进行分析，得出太湖流域水环境恶化主要是因为太湖流域经济增长与社会发展，流域管理体制存在缺陷，环保意识的缺失。通过研究北美五大湖、日本琵琶湖的流域水污染情况和治理过程，得出对太湖流域水环境保护的启示。 根据太湖流域水环境现状和保护对策现状，提出太湖流域水污染的治理对策和流域管理对策。具体措施上，突出重点、加大水环境治理力度, 减少污染物排放，提高污染防治水平, 增强流域调水引流能力，进行生态保护和修复。流域管理对策上，主要从健全流域管理体制着手，提出政府应加强水资源管理和保护，强化水环境功能区划管理, 完善行政执法体系建设，建立与完善太湖水环境保护的监督体系，探索建立新型环境管理机制。并引入第三种机制，保障社会公众参与，共同保护太湖水环境。 关键词：太湖流域，水环境，污染治理，流域管理 上海交通大学MPA 学位论文 太湖流域水环境保护对策研究 5 RESEARCH INTO POLICIES TO PROTECT TAIHU LAKE VALLEY WATER ENVIRONMENT ABSTRACT： The Taihu Lake Valley at the southernmost part of the Yangtze river delta is witnessing fast industrilization and urbanization as one of China’s most developed and dynamic areas. But with its water quality deteriorating every year, the area is in a shortage of quality water. Though governments of different levels have attached great importance to the Taihu’s water environment problems and taken a series of measures to address them, the general trend of water deterioration has not been effectively curbed. The outlook of pollution reduction remains grim. This essay draws the conclusion that worsening environment in the valley was caused by drawbacks in administration systems and lack of environmental protection sense amid economic growth and social development. The author gives a good deal of enlightenment through research into measures taken to address water pollution at the North American Great Lakes and Lake Biwa in Japan. The essay puts forward possible policies and protection and administration mechanism to harness water pollution at the Taihu valley after taking into consideration of the current water environment and protective policies. Intensified efforts should be made to improve water environment by reducing emissions, strengthening water resources protection, utilization and management, upgrading water divertion within the val