有向P2-路图的结构性质.pdfVIP

第 44卷 第 1期 数 学 研 究 V0l1．44 N0．1 2011年 3月 JournalofMathematicalStudy Mar．2011 StructuralPropertiesofDirected ． Path Graphs ZhuangWei YangWeihua SchoolofMathematicalSciences，XiamenUniversity，XiamenFujian361005 AbstractThedirectedPk．pathgraph J[ ofadigraphDisobtainedbyrepresentingthe directedpathsoflengthkofD byvertices．Twovertices XlX2···Xk+1．V YlY2… Yk+l 3xejoinedbyarc if Yi一1，i 2，3，…，+1．Clearly,thedirectedpathrgaphPk D isthelinedigraphL D whenk 1．In1【，2】，theP2-pathgraphischaracterized．In[3】1several propertiesofP2 J[ werestudied，inparticularwithrespecttoisomorphismandtraversability． Broersmaeta1．characterizedalldi~aphsDwithP2 D 竺D，showthatP2 o1 D2 a“lmostalways”impliesD1 D2．andcharacterizedalldigraphsDwithP2 J[ isEulerianor Hamiltonian．Furthermore，foranydigraphD withatleastonedirectedpathoflength2and nodirectedcycleoflength2， D L D ．Inthisnote，weobtainachraacterizationof P2 D ，andgivetheupperboundandthelowerboundofthediameterofthedirected 一path graphofastrongly connected digraph，and alsoaupperbound oftheindependencenumberofthe directedP2．pathrgaphofaregulardigraph． Key words Directedpathgraph：Diameter；Linedirgaph CIC number O 157．5 Docum entcode A 1 Introduction Forgraph—theoreticalterminology and notation notgiven here，wefollow W est[ ． Weconsiderfinite，simpledigraphs．Denotethevertexsetandarcsetof digraphDbyV D and D 。respectively PathgraphswereintroducedbyBroersmaandHoede[¨ ． LetG beagraph ThevertexsetofPk—pathgraph G isthesetofallpathsoflengthkinG Received date：2O1O—O6—02 Foundationitem：TheprojectwassupportedbyNSFC篝 1期 ZhuangWeieta1．：StructuralPropertiesofDirectedP2一PathGraphs 17 1．Twoverticesof G areadjacentifandonlyiftheintersectionof correspondingpathsisapathoflengthk一 1andtheunionisapathoracycle oflength + 1．ForanintegerTt≥ 1，thenthiteratedpathgraphisthegraph definedrecursivelyby G G and G P -1 G ．Themost frequentlystudiedpathgraphsare G ．Characterizationof G isgiven[1,2】． Tra、ersabilityof G isstudiedl5J．Distancepr