高中英语-语法-直接引语与间接引语讲解与练习.docVIP

高中语法：直接引语 间接引语 Ⅰ. 引导词的选择及语序 1. 陈述句：S + V + that + 陈述语序 (S + V) “That is the trouble”, said Bill. 改为：Bill said _________ _________ _________ the trouble. 【注】：that 可省略，但如果是两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列，则第二个that不可省略。 He told me (that) he had finished his work and that he would like to have a holiday. 2. 一般疑问句：S + V + if / whether + 陈述语序 (S + V)“Are you leaving tonight?” 改为：He asked us _________ _________ _________ leaving that night. 3. 特殊疑问句：S + V + what / who / which / whose / when + 陈述语序 (S + V)“Why did you lock the door?” father said to Anne. 改为：Father asked Anne _________ _________ _________ _________ the door. 4.祈使句：S + V + sb. to do / not to do (1)表示“命令”：tell, order, command (2)表示“请求”：ask, beg, request (3)表示“建议”：advise, suggest “Don’t make noise in the library.” the teacher said to the students. 改为：The teacher _________ the students_________ _________ _________ noise in the library. Ⅱ. 时态的一致 主句是过去时，变间接引语时，从句时态向“过去”退一步： 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 过去进行时 不变 一般过去时 过去完成时 过去完成时 不变 一般将来时 过去将来时 直接引语 间接引语 I work hard. He said that he _______________ hard. I am working hard. He said that he _______________ hard. I was working hard. He said that he _______________ hard. I worked hard. He said that he _______________ hard. I had worked hard. He said that he _______________ hard. I am going to work hard. He said that he _______________ hard. 直接引语是客观真理时，变成间接引语时时态不变： The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.” 改为：The teacher _________ _________ _________ _________ noise in the library. 3. 直接引语中有明确表示过去时间状语的，变成间接引语时时态不变： Wei Fang said, “I was born in 1994.” 改为：Wei Fang said _________ _________ _________ born in 1994. 直接引语前面的主句谓语是现在时态，变间接引语时，时态不变： He says, “I have been married for 3 years.” 改为：He said that _________ _________ _________ _________ for 3 years. Ⅲ. 人称及状语的变化 人称变化：“一主二宾三不变” （直接引语中若出现第一人称则看主句主语，第二人称看主句宾语，第三人称无须变） 试观察： She said to him, “I am very hungry.