协调的产品与供应链设计.ppt

The Manufacturing Environment Rapid Changes New products rapidly introduced Short, unknown product life cycles High Variety of Products Long Production Lead Times Increasing storage and transportation costs Difficult to forecast demand 制造业环境 快速的变革 新产品迅速推向市场 产品生命周期更短，无法预测 产品的高度多样性 长的生产提前期 不断增加的存储和运输成本 很难预测需求 The Goals of the Manufacturing Organization Responsiveness Competitive pricing Efficiency Customer service 制造业组织的目标 响应 竞争性定价 效率 客户服务 Why Do These Goals Conflict? Forces for keeping low inventory inventory expensive low salvage values Forces for keeping high inventory long lead times customer service is important demand is hard to predict reduction in transportation quantity 这些目标为什么相互冲突？ 保持低库存的动力 库存成本 低残值 保持高库存的动力 提前期长 客户服务很重要 需求很难预测 降低运输量 Design For Logistics Product and process design key cost drivers of product cost Design for Manufacturing used design to decrease manufacturing costs Major supply chain costs include transportation costs, inventory costs, distribution costs 物流设计 生产和流程设计降低制造过程成本－供应链成员参与 制造设计降低制造成本－供应链成员参与 供应链的主要成本包括运输成本、库存成本和配送成本 Design For Logistics Design for Logistics uses product design to address logistics costs Key Concepts of Design for Logistics Economic packaging and transportation Concurrent/Parallel Processing Standardization 物流设计 通过产品设计降低物流成本 物流设计的关键概念 包装与运输的经济性 并行 / 平行工艺 标准化 Economic Transportation and Storage Design products so that they can be efficiently packed and stored Design packaging so that products can be consolidated at cross docking points Design products to efficiently utilize retail space 运输和储存的经济性 将产品设计成能有效包装和储存 将包装设计成能在直接转运点统一处理的形式 将产品设计成能有效利用零售空间的形式 Examples Ikea World’s largest furniture retailer 131 stores in 21 countries Large stores, centralized manufacturing, compactly and efficiently packed products Rubbermaid Clear Classic food containers - designed to fit 14x14” Wal-Mart shelves 实　例 宜家 全球最大家具零售商 在21个国家拥有131家店 大库存、集中化生产、紧密和有效率的包装 Rubbermaid公司 生产一流的食物容器，包装设计适合沃尔玛货架的尺寸14x14” Concurrent/ Parallel Proc