土木工程英语翻译 .pdf

a P G - y t i c i t s i a s l p e 6 f 0 o 1 s u l u d o M Compressive strength - MPa Fig. 2.31 Relation between the dynamic modulus of elasticity, determined by transverse vibration of cylinders, and their compressive strength77 It should also be noted that no information is available regarding the relationship between the static and dynamic modulus of elasticity for concrete with strength in excess of 8000 psi (55 MPa). 2.4 Strain capacity The usable strain capacity of concrete can be measured either in compress- ion or in tension . In the compression mode, it can be measured by either concentric or eccentric compression testing . In the tensile mode, the strain capacity can be either for direct tension or indirect tension. The behavior under multiaxial stress states if outside the scope of this chapter, and only the behavior under uniaxial stress condition will be discussed. Stress-strain behavior in compression The stress-strain behavior is dependent on a number of parameters which include material variables such as aggregate type and testing variables such as age at testing, loading rate , strain gradient and others noted above . The effect of the aggregate type of the stress-strain curve is shown in Fig. 2.32 which indicates that higher strength and corresponding strain are achieved for crushed aggregate from fine-grained diabase and limestone, as compared to concretes made from smooth river gravel and from cru