英语阅读：038《经济学家》读译参考之三十八：踩高跷的故事－蚂蚁数着步子走路.docVIP

TEXT 38 A stilted story 踩高跷的故事（陈继龙 编译） Jun 29th 2006 From The Economist print edition IF THERE were a Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Ants, Matthias Wittlinger of the University of Ulm, in Germany, would probably be top of its hate list. The reason is that Dr Wittlinger and his c________① have, as they report in this weeks Science, been chopping the feet off ants. And not only that. They have been making other ants walk around on stilts. 假如有一个皇家防止残害蚂蚁协会的话，德国乌尔姆大学的马提亚·威特林格可能会首当其冲地成为其憎恨对象。这是因为威特林格博士和他的同事们在本周《科学》杂志上报道说他们砍去了一些蚂蚁的脚。这还不算，他们还让别的蚂蚁踩着高跷走路。 Saharan desert ants of the genus Cataglyphis have to travel long distances to discover food in their i________②, sandy environment. How they find their way home once they have done so is a mystery. Ants in more temperate climates often lay down chemical trails, but Cataglyphis, apparently, does not. Like honeybees and ancient mariners, they can n_______③ by the sun, so they know the general direction in which to travel. But, also like ancient mariners (who knew their latitude, but not their longitude), such solar reckoning cannot tell them when to stop. 撒哈拉沙漠的箭蚁不得不在贫瘠的沙质环境中长途跋涉寻找食物。它们找完食物后如何返回蚁巢却一直是个谜。温和气候环境下的蚂蚁往往会在路途中留下化学记号，可箭蚁显然不会。它们跟蜜蜂和古代海员一样，可以通过日照导航，从而知道出行的大致方向。但是也跟古代海员一样（他们只会辨认纬度不会辨认经度），这种根据太阳测算位置的方法无法告知它们该在何时结束行程。 Dr Wittlinger, therefore, decided to investigate a century-old h_______④ that desert ants have internal pedometers—in other words, they count their steps out, and they count them back. When one total matches the other, they are home. To test this idea he trained his ants to walk from their nests to a feeding station through a ten-metre-long channel. When they had picked up the food, he caught them and made them return through a different channel, which also led to the nest. （1）When they made this return journey, they began their characteristic nest-searching behaviour, quartering the ground in detail looking for the entrance, after travelling about ten metres. 所以，威特林格博士决定验证一下一个世纪猜想——沙漠蚂蚁体内含有