《Effects of Environmental Temperature on the Regeneration Frequency of the Immature Embryos of Wheat Triticum aestivum L》.pdfVIP

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014, 13(4): 722-732 April 2014 RESEARCH ARTICLE Effects of Environmental Temperature on the Regeneration Frequency of the Immature Embryos of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) 1 2 1 1 3 1 1 WANG Xin-min , REN Xian , YIN Gui-xiang , WANG Ke , LI Jia-rui , DU Li-pu , XU Hui-jun and YE Xing-guo1 1 National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R.China 2 College of Life and Engineering Sciences, Beifang University of Nationalities, Yinchuan 750021, P.R.China 3 Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA Abstract The immature embryos (IEs) of wheat are the most widely used tissues for in vitro culture and genetic transformation due to its high regeneration competency. However, this explant can only be maintained in 4°C daily cooler for a short period time for its use in plant tissue culture or transformation experiments. This study aimed to investigate the effects of environmental temperature, cryopreservation storage temperature, and heat shock culture (HSC) temperature on the regeneration frequency of wheat IEs. Results indicated that environmental temperature significantly affected the induction of embryonic calli. The optimum total accumulated temperature (TAT) during the time of anthesis and sampling for regeneration of these tissues was around 280°C for spring wheat type cv. CB037 and approximately 300°C for winter wheat type cv. Kenong 199. Regeneration ability obviously declined when the highest environmental temperat