华立学院自动化英语期末考试段落翻译.docVIP

华立学院自动化专业英语期末考试段落翻译 4.1 Electric charge is as fundamental a constituent of our Universe as the mass and energy. Indeed, present physical theory supposes that all matter consists of particles, the principal attributes of which are mass and electric charge 电荷是我们的宇宙基本和能量。，目前的物理理论假设，所有的物质粒子组成，其中的主要属性是质量和电荷。 两，任意指定，实验观察，在静态条件下，，，，。在这种下，与关力场被称为电场 电压源的端电压保持恒定的，不论对当前提供给负载。重要的是要明白，电压可能函数，例如，时间，温度，压力等，它是恒定的。 电流源保持恒定的电流在负载，不论端电压，，是由负载的大小决定的。与电压源，生成的电流可能取决于其他许多因素，但其本质属性是它负载。能够存储静电场能量是说拥有电容。被定义，根据公式：，… 因此，当电压变化速率为每秒1V时，电容为1F，流入电容的电流为1A。 5.1 A signal is any physical variable whose magnitude or variation with time contains information. This information might involve speech and music, as in radio broadcasting, a physical quantity such as the temperature of the air in a room, or numerical data, such as the record of stock market transactions. The physical variables that can carry information in an electrical system are voltage and current. When we speak of signals, therefore, we refer implicitly to voltages or currents. However, most of the concepts we discuss can be applied directly to systems with different information-carrying variables. Thus, the behavior of a mechanical system (in which force and velocity are the variables) or a hydraulic system (in which pressure and flow rate are the variables) can often be modeled or represented by an equivalent electrical system. An understanding of the behavior of electrical systems, therefore, provides a basis for understanding a much broader range of phenomena. 信号就是其与时间有关的量值或变化包含信息的任何物理变量。这种信息或 许像无线电广播的演讲和音乐， 或许是像室内温度的物理量， 或许像股市交易记录的数字数 据。在电气系统中能够载有信息的物理变量是电压和电流。因此当我们谈到“信号”，我们不 言而喻指的是电压和电流， 然而， 我们要讨论的大多数概念是可以被直接应用于载有不同信 息的变量的系统， 因此， 一个机械系统 （在这个系统中力和速度是其变量） 或者液压系统 （在 这个系统中压力和流速是其变量） 的性能通常可以用一个等效的电气系统来模拟或表示。 因 此，我们对于电气系统性能的理解为理解更宽领域的现象打下了一个基础 A signal can carry information in two different forms. In an analog signal the continuous variation of the voltage or current with time carries the information. An example, in Fig.5-l, is the voltag