Ancient Chinese History.pdfVIP

Ancient?Chinese?History AP?World?History I. Geographical?Boundaries?and?Challenges: A.???Himalayas?and?Pamirs?to?the?West B. North:?Gobi?Dessert?and?Mongolian?Plateau C.????South?Jungle?regions. D.????Link?to?West?through?NW?Corridor. E. River?Civilization?based?on?the?Yellow?in?the?North?and?the?Yangtze?in?the South. i. Presence?of?Loess:??a?fine‐grained yellow?silt?that?is?very?fertile.??Yellow?river?the?first?of?the?civilizations. ii. Yellow?river?similar?to?the?Tigris?in its?violent?ways. iii. Has?been?referred?to?as?China’s Sorrow. iv. Yangtze?also?farmed?since Ancient/Neolithic?times.??However?these?people?cannot?be?called?Chinese in?the?way?that?we?define?Chinese. v. As?in?other?areas?dominated?by migrations?and?movements?resulting?in?Chinese?culture. F. Farming?areas:?Dry?Farming?such?as?wheat,?grain?in?Yellow?region.??Yangtze?the farming?is?wet?based?mainly?Rice. G.????Xi?river?forms?China’s?southern?border. H.???China?is?a?mountainous?semi?desert?land?outside?of?the?river?valleys?that?could not?sustain?its?population?without?the?rivers. II. The?Shang?Dynasty:?? 1523‐1027?BC A.???Arose?at?roughly?the?same?time?as?the?Indo‐Aryan?invaders?assumed?control?of India. B. Shang?s?were?indigenous. C.????Based?upon?the?Neolithic?agricultural?units?in?China. D.????China?is?unique?in?that?its?growth?occurred?from?exclusively?inward?procedures. Cultural?diffusion…not?a?great?factor. E. No?invasions,?etc…difficult?to?get?to. F. Shang?bring?a?long?period?of?peaceful?rule?to?this?region. G.????Much?of?what?we?know?about?the?Shang?comes?from?their?writings. H.???Excavations?at?Anyang? capital?of?Shang ?and?Zhengzhou?have?shed?great?light on?their?leadership?and?society. I. Social?Divisions:?simple?and?sharp: i. Ruling?Aristocrats?and?bureaucrats directed?the?work?and?life?of?the?Shang.??Ruled?like?a?family,?kings?owned slaves?captured?in?war. 1. Warfare?a?constant?feature. ii. Most?commoners?worked?as?semi free?serfs?in?agriculture. iii. Others?were?artisans,?craftsmen. J