交换机生成树协议.docVIP

2010级毕业设计(论文) 交换机生成树协议 院 系：信息工程系 专 业：网络技术 学 生 姓 名：谢 高 云 指 导 教 师：王 浦 衡 湖南化工职业技术学院 2013年 5 月 摘 要 生成树协议（Spanning Tree Protocol STP）是用于局域网中消除数据链路层物理环路的协议。运行该协议的交换机通过彼此交互报文发现网络中的环路并有选择性的对某些端口进行阻塞最终将环路网络结构修剪成无环路的树型网络结构从而达到消除二层环路的目的。STP的缺点是收敛速度慢为解决这一缺陷RSTP应运而生。快速生成树协（Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol RSTP）在STP的基础上缩短了转发延时可以快速收敛但是和STP一样局域网内所有交换机共享一棵生成树不能解决链路负载分担的问题多生成树协议（Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol MSTP）可以弥补这一缺陷它既可以快速收敛也能使不同VLAN的流量沿各自的路径转发从而为冗余链路提供了更好的负载分担机制。本论文论述了STP RSTP和MSTP的产生背景和发展基本概念和原理以及它们各自的缺陷并针对这些问题提出了自己的见解。 关键词：生成树协议、快速生成树协议、虚拟局域网、多生成树协议。 ABSTRACT Spanning Tree Protocol (Spanning Tree Protocol STP) is used for LAN data link layer to eliminate the physical loops in the agreement. Switch by running the protocol packets that the network interact with each other in the loop, and selectively blocking certain ports, and ultimately into the loop network loop-free tree pruning the network structure, to achieve the elimination of two layer loop purposes. STP drawback is slow convergence, to address this shortcoming, RSTP came into being. RSTP (Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol RSTP) in the STP, based on the forwarding delay can be shortened fast convergence, however, and STP, as all the switches share 、a LAN spanning tree, load-sharing link can not solve the problem of MSTP (Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol) can fill this gap, both for fast convergence, but also make different VLAN traffic along their path forward, so as to redundant links to provide a better load-sharing mechanism. This paper discusses the background and development of the STP, RSTP and MSTP, basic concepts and principles, and their respective deficiencies and address these issues put forward their own views. Keyword：Spanning Tree Protocol、Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol、VLAN、Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol前 言 在实际的交换网络中,为了提高整个网络的可靠性、消除单点失效故障,通常在网络设计中采用多台设备、多个端口、多条线路的冗余连接方式。但是这样的拓扑结构会导致二层环路的产生。如果交换机不对二层环路做处理，将会导致严重的网络问题。如：广播风暴、帧的重复复制、交换机的MAC地址漂移等问题。生成树协议就是为了解决二层环路