Emulsion drying synthesis of olivine LiFePO4C composite and its electrochemical properties as lithium intercalation material英文资料.pdfVIP

Electrochimica Acta 49 (2004) 4213–4222 Emulsion drying synthesis of olivine LiFePO /C composite and its 4 electrochemical properties as lithium intercalation material 1 ∗,2 Seung-Taek Myung , Shinichi Komaba , Norimitsu Hirosaki, Hitoshi Yashiro, Naoaki Kumagai2 Department of Frontier Materials and Functional Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Iwate University, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8551, Japan Received 14 January 2004; accepted 5 April 2004 Available online 28 May 2004 Abstract The electroactive LiFePO4/C nano-composite has been synthesized by an emulsion drying method. During burning-out the oily emulsion precipitates in an air-limited atmosphere at 300 ◦C, amorphous or low crystalline carbon was generated along with releasing carbon oxide gases, and trivalent iron as a cheap starting material was immediately reduced to the divalent one at this stage as confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, leading to a low crystalline LiFePO /C composite. Heat-treatment of the low crystalline LiFePO /C in an Ar atmosphere resulted 4 4 in a well-ordered olivine structure, as refined by Rietveld refinement of the X-ray diffraction pattern. From secondary electron microscopic and scanning transmission electron microscopic observations with the correspo