董仲舒天人观与对汉代社会秩序影响.pdf

摘 要 摘 要 对天人关系的探究是中国古代哲学的重要内容，也是历代思想家赋予自己的使命。 董仲舒是西汉时期重要的哲学家,作为中国经学时代的开创者,他适应时代和儒学自身 发展的需要，对先秦到汉初各家思想进行了吸收和扬弃，完善了传统天人观中“天人感 应”理论，形成董仲舒独具特色的天人理论。董仲舒思想通过与权力的结合,使儒学由 一种思想学说成为国家主要的意识形态,被整合为一种合法地参与社会秩序构建的因 素。本文从董仲舒天人观对汉代社会秩序的影响这一视角出发, 阐述了形成这种影响的 理论准备，分析了天人观巩固社会秩序的合理性，从而揭示天人观对社会秩序的影响和 现代启示。引言部分回顾了董仲舒天人思想的研究现状；对特定词语做了内容界定；同 时表明了写作方法和创新之处。本文共分三章进行论述：第一章，董仲舒天人观形成的 历史背景和思想渊源。第二章，从“天”与“人”的含义、天人感应论三个方面阐述了 董仲舒天人观的主要内容。第三章，分析了董仲舒天人观对汉代社会秩序的影响和现代 启示，从而引出这一论题研究的拓展意义，即我国现代社会秩序维护及全球社会秩序维 护能否从此论题研究中获得借鉴。 关键词 董仲舒 天人观 社会秩序 I Abstract Abstract The Exploration of the Conception of Heaven and Man is not only an important part of ancient Chinese philosophy, but taken as a sacred mission by the ancient thinkers. Dong Zhongshu is an excellent philosopher of the Western Han Dynasty, and the pioneer of Confucian Classics. He adapted to the demand of times and Confucian, absorbed and discarded thoughts of pre-Qin to Han as well, and then improves the traditional theory of correspondence between man and heaven which is the core of his Conception of Heaven and Man. Through a combination of power ，Dong made his thought of Confucian Classics as Western Han Dynasty’s main ideology, which is integrated legally into the construction of social order. Under Perspective of Dong’s Conception of Heaven and Man, This dissertation discusses its theoretical background, content and its influence on Han’s social order. On this basis, it analyses the rationality of Conception of Heaven and M