水分胁迫对李属四种植物抗旱生理指标及新根解剖结构影响.pdf

摘 要 本研究以盆栽山杏(Prunus sibirica L.) 、山桃(Prunus davidiana (Carr.)Franch.) 、蒙 古扁桃(Prunus mongolica Maxim.)及榆叶梅(Prunus triloba Lindl.)实生苗为试验材料， 采用人工控制水量的方法，通过持续 28d 水分胁迫对山杏、山桃、蒙古扁桃及榆叶 梅等四种李属植物抗旱生理指标的测定及其新根解剖结构的观察研究，拟探明四种 植物抗旱机理。结果表明： 在持续水分胁迫下，与对照 (CK)相比，李属四种植物均表现出叶片相对含水量 持续下降的趋势，山杏叶片可溶性糖含量变化呈先降后升趋势，山桃、蒙古扁桃、 榆叶梅可溶性糖含量变化均呈先升后降趋势。在水分胁迫后期，山杏通过可溶性糖 调节渗透压能力得到加强。山杏叶片可溶性蛋白含量呈持续下降趋势，山桃、蒙古 扁桃、榆叶梅叶片可溶性蛋白含量呈先升后降趋势。山杏、山桃、榆叶梅叶片脯氨 酸含量呈持续上升趋势，而蒙古扁桃叶片脯氨酸含量则呈先降后升趋势。四种植物 叶片MDA 含量均呈持续“爬坡型”升高趋势。四种植物的 SOD、POD 活性均呈现 出先升后降变化趋势，蒙古扁桃、榆叶梅的POD 活性变化滞后一个处理期，山杏、 山桃的 SOD、POD 活性呈同步变化。 持续水分胁迫能够加快李属四种植物新根根尖内皮层细胞壁增厚现象的出现和 凯氏带的形成，且内皮层细胞壁的增厚现象先于凯氏带的形成。 关键词：李属(Prunus L.) ；水分胁迫；抗旱生理指标；解剖结构 Effect of Water Stress on Drought-resistant Physiology Indexes and New Roots Anatomical Structure in Four Plants of Prunus Abstract In this research we take the pot cultured seedling Prunus sibirica 、Prunus davidiana 、 Prunus mongolica and Prunus triloba as the test materials. In order to ascertain the drought-resistant mechanism of four plants of prunus , using the method of artificially control water content, through continuous 28d water stress for drought-resistant physiology indexes determined and new roots anatomical structure observed study of four plants of Prunus as Prunus sibirica 、Prunus davidiana 、Prunus mongolica and Prunus triloba etc. The results showed that: Under continuous water stress, along with the time of water stress, compared with CK, the relative water content continued to decrease in four plants of Prunus . The soluble sugar content decreased at first and then increased Prunus sibirica leaves, while the soluble sugar content increased at first and then decreased in Prunus davidiana 、Prunus mongolica and Prunus triloba leaves. Late in water stress, the osmotic adjustment abili