两种高等真菌及种内生真菌化学成分及生物活性研究.pdf

摘 要 摘 要 本研究以两种高等真菌石灰锥盖伞，黄硬皮马勃及一种内生真菌 Pestalotiopsis clavispora 为研究对象，对其化学成分进行了提取分离，结构鉴定以及抗菌活性测试。 利用多种色谱技术及波谱技术共分离鉴定了 30 个化合物，其中包括 4 个新化合物。 石灰锥盖伞(Conocybe siliginea) 隶属于粪绣伞科 (Bolbitiaceae) ，锥盖伞属 (Conocybe) 。该属中某些真菌误食后会产生神经型的中毒症状。本实验对其发酵液乙酸 乙酯萃取相进行分析，共分离得到 9 个化合物，均为已知化合物,以苯环衍生物类化合 物为主。 黄硬皮马勃(Scleroderma citrinum)属于硬皮马勃科(Sclerodermataceae),硬皮马勃属 (Scleroderma) 。该菌具有轻微毒性，其孢粉具有消炎作用。本实验对其子实体的氯仿浸 提物的化学成分进行了研究，共分离得到 7 个化合物，包括一个具有抗 HSV-l 活性的三 萜化合物。 内生真菌Pestalotiopsis clavispora 属于拟盘多毛孢属(Pestalotiopsis) ，本实验选取的 菌种分离自海莲茎部。共分离鉴定 14 个化合物，均为首次发现，其中化合物 2-3-11 ， 2-3-12 ，2-3-13 ，2-3-14 为新化合物。对 4 个新化合物进行了抗菌活性测试，未发现有明 显的生物学活性。 关键词 石灰锥盖伞 黄硬皮马勃 Pestalotiopsis clavispora 抗菌活性 I Abstract Abstract In this study, chemical constituents of Conocybe siliginea, Scleroderma citrinum, Pestalotiopsis clavispora are studied. By many means of chromatography methods and spectroscopic evidences, thirty compounds including four new ones were isolated and identified from these three fungi. Conocybe siliginea belongs to Bolbitiaceae and genus Conocybe. Some fungus of this genus can lead the nerve type symptoms after eating. In this study it was cultured on liquid fermentation, the fermented substrate was extracted repeatedly with ethyl acetate, and nine compounds have been isolated and identified from the culture, which are all known compounds, and main of them are benzene derivatives. Scleroderma citrinum belongs to Sclerodermataceae, genus Scleroderma. It has a slight toxicity, and the pollen has anti-inflammatory effect.