英文翻译外文文献翻译23毕业设计外文英文翻译射频与微波应用.docVIP

附录A 英文原文 Radio Frequency and Microwave Applications A.1 Introduction This chapter lays the foundation for understanding higher-frequency wave phenomena and divides the task of active circuit design for RE/MV frequencies into specific concept blocks. These concept blocks create a gradual approach to understanding and designing RF/MW circuits and represent specific realms of knowledge that need to be mastered to become an accomplished designer. Before we describe and analyze these types of waves we need to consider why RF/microwaves as a subject has become so important, that it is placed at the forefront of our modern technology. Furthermore, we need to expand our minds to the many possibilities that these signals can provide for peaceful practices by exploring various commercial applications useful to mankind. A 1.1 A Short History of RF and Microwaves Circa 1864—1873, James Clark Maxwell integrated the entirety of man’s knowledge of electricity and magnetism by introducing a set of four coherent and self-consistent equations that describe the behavior of electric and magnetic fields on a classical level. This wav the beginning of microwave engineering, as presented in a treatise by Maxwell at that time .He predicted, purely from a mathematical standpoint and on a theoretical basis, the existence of electromagnetic wave propagation and that light was also a from of electromagnetic energy — both completely new concepts at the time. From 1885 to 1887, Oliver Heaviside simplified Maxwell’s work in his published papers. From 1887 to 1891, a German physics professor, Heinrich Hertz, verified Maxwell’s predictions experimentally and demonstrated the propagation of electromagnetic wave. He also investigated wave propagation phenomena along transmission line and antennas and developed several useful structures. He could be called the first microwave engineer. Marconi tried to commercialize radio at a much lower frequency for long-distance communications, but as he had a b