车辆工程毕业设计16RL6120混合动力城市客车总体设计说明书.doc

摘 要 能源危机和环境污染是当今世界可持续发展所面临的两大根本问题，混合动力汽车在技术、经济和环境等方面具有综合优势，是目前缓解这两个问题的有效途径。城市客车在各个城市中承担着人口流动的任务，应用广泛，数量众多。同时城市客车的运行工况特殊，城市中信号灯多，站点之间距离短，运行路线固定，城市客车频繁的起步，加速，制动，怠速时间长，平均运行速度低。由于汽车设计时需要满足最高行驶车速和最大爬坡度等动力性要求，需要装备大功率发动机，使得城市客车经常处于功率过剩状态，造成了严重的能源浪费和环境污染。 本文以运用于城市公交系统的传统客车6100为研究对象，将其改装为混合动力城市客车。本文首先分析并比较了串联式、并联式以及混联式混合动力客车的驱动结构、类型和使用范围，确定了混合动力客车驱动系统的布置型式；通过对我国典型城市公交车循环工况的分析，制定了混合动力城市客车性能指标，并对所研究的混合动力客车的总体方案进行了设计，据此对发动机、电机、传动系的参数进行了匹配，初步确定了各部件的参数。 油电混合动力汽车融合了传统燃油汽车和纯电动汽车的优点，具有传统内燃机车动力性好和电动汽车清洁环保的特点，能够有效的降低能源消耗，减少污染排放，具有重要的研究意义。 关键词：混合动力城市客车；动力系统；参数匹配；人机工程学 ABSTRACT Energy shortage and environment pollution are two serious problems that can prevent the world from developing forward rapidly．In this case HEV’S(hybrid electric vehicle)are the key to solve the problems．It has advantages in many fields，such as technology, economy and environment City bus is bearing the task of the movement of the population. City bus is widely used and the number is large. The using condition of city bus is special、 there are many signal lights、 short distance between sites 、fixed routes, frequently starting, accelerating, braking, long idle time, low average speed and so on. As the vehicle needs to meet the requirement of the highest speed and maximum climbing degree while designing, usually a high-power engine is equipped, making the city bus in power surplus state, resulting in a serious energy waste and environment pollution. This paper bases on the traditional bus 6100 using in the city traffic system， and refit it to be HEB(hybrid electric bus)．The paper firstly analyzed and compared the drive structure，type and scope of application of SHEV,PHEV and PSHEV, and made sure the layout pattern of HEB drive system；by studying statistical data of typical Chinese city bus driving cycle，it formulated the performance index for HEB，and the study of hybrid bus design the overall program, according to the engine, motor, drive system matching parameters, initially set the parameters of each compon