优先使用动词的重要性.pdfVIP

优先使用动词的重要性 动词会使文章充满活力与力量，相反，如果以名词表述动作，动词就会被埋没、削弱， 句子则显得晦涩、冗长。 例 1 ：Their suggestion for us was a different analysis of the data. 修改：They suggested that we analyze the data differently. 修改后动作均由动词表 示，结构清晰，风格简洁。 例 2 ：An increase in temperature occurred. 修改：Temperature increased. 修改后，动词积极、有力，句子简单、直接且更高效。 例 3 ：This wavelength caused a decrease in the molar absorption coefficient. 动作 被隐没在宾语(“decrease”)中，而真正的宾语(“molar absorption coefficient”)却被移 至介词短语中(“in the molar absorption coefficient”)。 修改：This wavelength decreased the molar absorption coefficient. 修改后的句子 因为动词前移动而显得有力、积极。 此外，要避免用介词宾语代替动词来表述动作 ( 作为介词的词包括： “of,” “for,” “on,” “in,” “to,”and “with.”)。 例 4 ：With an increase in sperm concentration, the fertilization rate improved. 前半 句中的动作是由 “increase”的名词化形式表示的，在这里是介词 “with”的宾语。该句冗 长且晦涩难懂，原因有二：(1)“with”不准确，用 “when”更清楚;(2)没有动词，动作被隐 没在介词短语中。 修改：When sperm concentration was increased, the fertilization rate improved. 将 介词短语转化为独立句，使用主动动词使句子生动、易懂。 练习：将下列各句中的动作加入动词中。 1. Measurements were performed on reaction products by a mass spectrometer. 2. Removal of mitochondria was achieved by HPLC. 3. Two measurements of amyloid plaques were obtained for each brain. 4. Elevations in WBC count did not occur when aspirin and streptokinase were given 5. Our results showed protection of the dogs by the vaccine. 6. A PI 3-kinase signaling cascade exerts a controlling regulation of PIP2 levels. 7. Stanozolol caused prolongation of appetite. 8. Agglomeration of clusters of Ag or Cu in a noble gas matrix causes the emission of visible light. 9. Sequencing of the A-B construct was performed on an ABI377 automated DNA s equencer using Big Dye Sequencing deoxyterminators (ABI v3.0) 10. There was no significant difference in growth rates between the Shh-treated an d control samples during the 1 hr prior to protein addition. 11. We performed plasmid isolation to sequence the A-B insert in the pBluescript (S TRATAGENE)