三相四线制供电系统中中性线断线故障分析.docVIP

摘　要 目前，中国城乡和厂矿企业的低压电网中大部分采用380 V／220 V三相四线制的低压供电系统，既有三相动力负荷，又有单相负荷，混合式的三相四线制低压供电系统中会产生单相负荷的分配及分配不平衡的问题，导致相电压的不平衡；而在公用配电房中，配变的大部分负载为单相负荷，甚至达80％以上，必然会产生相间负荷分配的不平衡问题。如果中性线断线，负载中性点电位将随着三相负载阻抗的不平衡度引起的中性点电位浮动，导致单相产生过电压烧毁单相设备的情况。因此，目前，低压系统存在着大量不可预料的中性线断线事故主要原因是，故障保护后导致中性线断开。因此，在采用中性线断线保护装置，实现在中性线断线时及时切断电源的作用，对保护用电设备及人身安全具有重要意义。Abstract At present, most of the low voltage network in the urban and rural areas and industrial and mining enterprises in China with 380 V/220 V three-phase four-wire low-voltage power supply system, both three-phase power load, there are single-phase load, hybrid three-phase four-wire low-voltage power supply system will produce single-phase load distribution and the uneven distribution of the problem, leading to phase voltage imbalance. Public distribution room, most of the load distribution transformers single-phase load, and even more than 80% would have a white load imbalance in the distribution. If the neutral line disconnected, the load neutral point potential will lead to single-phase produced a voltage to the burning of single-phase equipment with a floating neutral point potential caused by the three-phase load impedance unbalance degree.Therefore, in the three-phase four-wire power supply system, the neutral line broken, we can analyze the reasons of the neutral line disconnected, such as three-phase unbalanced load, nonlinear load increase will cause the neutral line break. And analysis the impact and harm of the neutral line break. Such as might be the low voltage grid voltage impact on the cause of the electrical equipment is damaged or does not run properly. And then began to in-depth analysis of the process and the reason of the neutral line disconnected. Finally, according to analysis of the results, find out measures to respond to the neutral line break, for example, to try to make the three-phase load balancing, reasonable selection of the neutral line. At present, the low pressure system the existence of a large number of unexpe