豫中补灌区超高产小麦新品种筛选初报.docVIP

豫中补灌区超高产小麦新品种筛选初报 摘 要：为了进一步优化豫中补灌区小麦栽培品种，筛选出适宜当地种植的高产、多抗、优质的小麦品种，选用许昌当地主推品种、近年来新审定品种和若干未审小麦新品系14个进行小麦新品种筛选试验，进一步鉴定其丰产性、抗逆性和适应性A preliminary report on the screening of new wheat varieties with super-high yielding in central supplement irrigation Area of Henan Province DUAN Shao-ting (Agriculture 2008-1 of Agronomy College) Abstract: The new-wheat-variety experiment is operated with the purpose of further improving the wheat cultivar in the irrigation areas of Middle Henan and picking out the high yielding, multi-resistant and quality varieties suitable for the local planting on the basis of fourteen wheat varieties selected from the local main wheat varieties, those newly authorized ones and several new ones without being authorized by appraising their fertility, stress resistance and adaptability. The results show that Aikang58, Yunong416 and Zhoumai22 which rank the top three of all those testing varieties grow well with excellent general properties. This experiment which has made scientific evaluation on relevant varieties will provide the local government and planting farmers with rather valuable reference in regard to promoting the seed replacement and scientific seed selection of new wheat varieties. Key word: Wheat; New varieties; The central Henan supplementary irrigation areas; Results and Analysis 【本研究的重要意义】我国国民经济和社会发展十二五规划中明确提出：加快发展现代农业，坚持走中国特色的农业现代化道路，稳定粮食播种面积、优化品种结构、提高单产和品质，把保障国家粮食安全作为首要目标。小麦是我国主要的粮食作物之一，河南是我国小麦种植面积最大的省份，常年小麦种植面积7900万亩左右，河南小麦产量占全国小麦总产量的1/4，实现河南小麦持续高产对确保我国粮食安全具有重要意义。以许昌为代表的豫中补灌区，是河南传统的小麦高产种植区[1]，曾经为河南小麦增产做出了重要贡献，受到各级领导的高度关注，温家宝总理及其他国家领导人多次到许昌调研、考察，极大地促进了许昌农业、尤其小麦的持续高产。因此，河南省小麦生产应充分利用国家支持农业发展的政策及对农业的重视，立足河南省的优势，逐步增加小麦的播种面积，提高小麦的产量和品质[2]。在影响小麦产量的诸多因素中，品种对产量的贡献占33-35%左右，选出优良小麦品种是实现小麦增产的最有效措施。筛选出适合许昌种植的高产小麦品种，并采取相应的高产栽培技术，对促进当地小麦持续高产具有重要意义。【前人研究进展】近年来，灰色多维综合评估[3]、灰色关联度分析法[4]、多维物元分析法[5]、DTOPSIS[6]等综合评价新品种的新方法相继被运用，宋志均等[7]通过运用灰色多维隶属度综合评估的方法研究发现，豫农416适应性好，对肥水不敏感，产量潜力突出，籽粒产量和千粒重较高。李自玲等[8]通过结合高产栽培技术在2009-2010年研究发现，矮抗58、豫农416、周麦22等产量突出。【本研究切入点】