Hydraulics_of_sediment_transport英文教材.pdfVIP

2 Hydraulics of Sediment Transport Yousef Hassanzadeh Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran 1. Introduction This chapter deals with the theoretical and experimental considerations of hydraulics of sediment transport, involved in identifying the hydraulics formulas for fluid flow and sediment computation in open channels, and analyzing the flow and sediment characteristics of the water motion. In general, the field of sediment transport is very complex, and the engineers in this field should refer to more comprehensive works to better understand the computational basis. The hydraulics of flow in a river and its sediment transport characteristics are the two basic phenomena that determine it’s geometric and plan form shape. There are many variables that affect the hydraulics of flow and the nature of sediment transport in a natural stream. As indicated Yang et al. (1996), the Yellow River in China is notorious for enormous amount of sediment it carries. The total average annual sediment discharge to the sea in China is about 1.94×109 t. of which 59% comes from the Yellow River. A concentration of 911kg/m3 was measured on September 7, 1977, at the Saumenxia Station near the entrance of the lower Yellow River. The condition of incipient sediment motion is important in a large variety of problems associated with sediment transport. For more than two centuries workers in this fi